{"id":10550,"date":"2021-08-09T12:28:03","date_gmt":"2021-08-09T17:28:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/?p=10550"},"modified":"2021-08-09T12:28:03","modified_gmt":"2021-08-09T17:28:03","slug":"unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/","title":{"rendered":"Unidad did\u00e1ctica 12: Cuidados de enfermer\u00eda para favorecer la eliminaci\u00f3n gastrointestinal"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Introducci\u00f3n<\/h2>\n<p>Se estudian los factores de desarrollo y psicosociales que afectan la defecaci\u00f3n, se valoran la eliminaci\u00f3n gastrointestinal considerando: la historia de enfermer\u00eda y la exploraci\u00f3n f\u00edsica. Se analiza la norma oficial mexicana que respalda el cuidado de esta necesidad y se estudian los diagn\u00f3sticos de los diagn\u00f3sticos de enfermer\u00eda m\u00e1s comunes; se abordan las t\u00e9cnicas y procedimientos para el cuidado de la eliminaci\u00f3n gastrointestinal.<\/p>\n<h2>Competencia<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10554\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/captura-6\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/Captura.png?fit=628%2C485&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"628,485\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Captura\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/Captura.png?fit=628%2C485&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10554 aligncenter\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/Captura.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"628\" height=\"485\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10554\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/captura-6\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/Captura.png?fit=628%2C485&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"628,485\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Captura\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/Captura.png?fit=628%2C485&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10554 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/Captura.png?resize=628%2C485&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"628\" height=\"485\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p>Tabla 1. Competencias.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00cdndice<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Desarrollo de contenidos<\/li>\n<li>Conclusiones<\/li>\n<li>Bibliograf\u00eda consultada<\/li>\n<li>Autoevaluaci\u00f3n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Contenido<\/h2>\n<h3>1. Anatom\u00eda y fisiolog\u00eda del sistema gastrointestinal<\/h3>\n<p>El aparato digestivo o gastrointestinal se compone de dos grupos de \u00f3rganos; el tubo digestivo y los \u00f3rganos accesorios.<\/p>\n<p>El tubo digestivo contiene los alimentos desde que se ingieren hasta que se digieren, absorben o eliminan.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10555\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/1-13\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/1.jpg?fit=227%2C222&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"227,222\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"1\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/1.jpg?fit=227%2C222&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10555 alignleft\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"227\" height=\"222\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10555\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/1-13\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/1.jpg?fit=227%2C222&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"227,222\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"1\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/1.jpg?fit=227%2C222&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10555 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/1.jpg?resize=227%2C222&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"227\" height=\"222\" \/><\/noscript> <strong>COMPONENTES\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Cavidad Oral,\u00a0Faringe,\u00a0Es\u00f3fago,\u00a0Est\u00f3mago,\u00a0 Intestino Delgado,\u00a0Intestino Grueso,\u00a0Recto y\u00a0Ano<\/p>\n<p><strong>ORGANOS ACCESORIOS<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Lengua,\u00a0Dientes,\u00a0Gl\u00e1ndulas salivales,\u00a0P\u00e1ncreas,\u00a0H\u00edgado,\u00a0Ves\u00edcula biliar.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intestino delgado<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>El primer segmento del intestino delgado recibe el nombre de duodeno y en \u00e9l libera el est\u00f3mago su contenido.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10556\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/2-6\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/2.jpg?fit=221%2C228&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"221,228\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"2\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/2.jpg?fit=221%2C228&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10556 aligncenter\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"221\" height=\"228\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10556\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/2-6\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/2.jpg?fit=221%2C228&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"221,228\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"2\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/2.jpg?fit=221%2C228&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10556 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/2.jpg?resize=221%2C228&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"221\" height=\"228\" \/><\/noscript><br \/>\nEl alimento entra en el duodeno a trav\u00e9s del esf\u00ednter pil\u00f3rico en unas cantidades que el intestino delgado pueda digerir. Cuando \u00e9ste se llena, el duodeno indica al est\u00f3mago que detenga el vaciamiento. Al duodeno llegan enzimas del p\u00e1ncreas y la bilis del h\u00edgado y contribuyen de forma importante a los procesos de digesti\u00f3n y absorci\u00f3n. El peristaltismo tambi\u00e9n ayuda a la digesti\u00f3n y a la absorci\u00f3n al revolver los alimentos y mezclarlos con las secreciones intestinales.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10557\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/3-6\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/3.jpg?fit=245%2C205&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"245,205\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"3\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/3.jpg?fit=245%2C205&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10557 aligncenter\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"245\" height=\"205\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10557\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/3-6\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/3.jpg?fit=245%2C205&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"245,205\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"3\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/3.jpg?fit=245%2C205&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10557 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/3.jpg?resize=245%2C205&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"245\" height=\"205\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p>El resto del intestino delgado est\u00e1 formado por el yeyuno y el \u00edleon, localizado a continuaci\u00f3n del duodeno. Esta\u00a0parte del intestino es la responsable principal de la absorci\u00f3n de grasas y otros nutrientes.<\/p>\n<p>La consistencia del contenido intestinal cambia gradualmente conforme avanza a trav\u00e9s del intestino delgado. Conforme el contenido o bolo digestivo avanza hacia la porci\u00f3n inferior del intestino delgado, se hace m\u00e1s l\u00edquido a medida que van a\u00f1adi\u00e9ndose agua, moco, bilis y enzimas pancre\u00e1ticas.<\/p>\n<p><strong>P\u00e1ncreas<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Es un \u00f3rgano que contiene b\u00e1sicamente dos tipos de tejidos: los acinos que producen las enzimas digestivas y los islotes que secretan hormonas, como la insulina. El p\u00e1ncreas secreta enzimas digestivas al\u00a0duodeno y hormonas al flujo sangu\u00edneo.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10558\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/4-2\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/4.jpg?fit=240%2C210&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"240,210\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"4\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/4.jpg?fit=240%2C210&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10558 aligncenter\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"210\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10558\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/4-2\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/4.jpg?fit=240%2C210&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"240,210\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"4\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/4.jpg?fit=240%2C210&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10558 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/4.jpg?resize=240%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"210\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p>Las tres hormonas producidas por el p\u00e1ncreas son: la insulina, que disminuye el valor de az\u00facar (glucosa) en sangre, el glucag\u00f3n, que por el contrario lo aumenta, y la somatostatina, que impide la liberaci\u00f3n de las otras dos hormonas.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intestino grueso<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>El intestino grueso est\u00e1 formado por varios segmentos: el colon ascendente (derecho), el colon transverso, el colon descendente (izquierdo) y el colon sigmoide, el cual est\u00e1 conectado al recto.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10559\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/attachment\/5\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/5.jpg?fit=278%2C181&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"278,181\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"5\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/5.jpg?fit=278%2C181&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10559 aligncenter\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"278\" height=\"181\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10559\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/attachment\/5\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/5.jpg?fit=278%2C181&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"278,181\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"5\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/5.jpg?fit=278%2C181&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10559 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/5.jpg?resize=278%2C181&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"278\" height=\"181\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p>El intestino grueso secreta moco y es el responsable principal de la absorci\u00f3n del agua y los electr\u00f3litos de las heces. La secreci\u00f3n de moco aumenta mucho cuando se estimulan los nervios p\u00e9lvicos, por donde viaja la inervaci\u00f3n parasimp\u00e1tica. Al mismo tiempo aumentan las contracciones.<\/p>\n<p>Por este motivo, los est\u00edmulos parasimp\u00e1ticos intensos, a menudo causados por alteraciones emocionales, pueden provocar una secreci\u00f3n tan intensa que den lugar a evacuaciones muy frecuentes de moco viscoso, a veces cada 30 minutos. Este moco est\u00e1 desprovisto de materiales fecales o contiene muy pocos.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10560\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/attachment\/6\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/6.jpg?fit=209%2C241&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"209,241\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"6\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/6.jpg?fit=209%2C241&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10560 aligncenter\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"209\" height=\"241\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10560\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/attachment\/6\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/6.jpg?fit=209%2C241&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"209,241\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"6\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/6.jpg?fit=209%2C241&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10560 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/6.jpg?resize=209%2C241&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"209\" height=\"241\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p><strong>Recto <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Es una c\u00e1mara que comienza al final del intestino grueso, inmediatamente a continuaci\u00f3n del colon sigmoide, acabando en el ano. Generalmente, el recto est\u00e1 vac\u00edo porque las heces se almacenan m\u00e1s arriba, en el colon descendente. Cuando el colon descendente se llena, las heces pasan al recto estimulando la defecaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ano<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Es la abertura que existe al final del tracto gastrointestinal, por la cual los materiales de desecho abandonan el organismo.<\/p>\n<p>El ano est\u00e1 formado en parte por las capas superficiales del organismo, incluyendo la piel y, en parte, por el intestino. Est\u00e1 recubierto por una capa formada por la continuaci\u00f3n de la piel. Un anillo muscular, llamado esf\u00ednter anal, mantiene el ano cerrado.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Capas del tubo digestivo<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Mucosa<\/strong>: La luz del tubo digestivo tiene revestimiento de una membrana mucosa.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Muscular<\/strong>: La boca, faringe y tercios medio y superior del es\u00f3fago incluyen musculo esquel\u00e9tico para la degluci\u00f3n voluntaria. Dicho m\u00fasculo forma el esf\u00ednter externo del ano, lo cual posibilita el control voluntario de la defecaci\u00f3n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Serosa<\/strong>: Es la capa superficial de las proporciones del tubo digestivo que est\u00e1n sostenidas en la cavidad abdomino p\u00e9lvica.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Peritoneo<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Es la capa serosa m\u00e1s grande del cuerpo. Se divide en peritoneo parietal que es la porci\u00f3n que reviste la cavidad abdomino p\u00e9lvica y el peritoneo visceral que recubre ciertos \u00f3rganos de la cavidad.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Funciones del sistema gastrointestinal<\/h3>\n<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10561\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/7-2\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/7.jpg?fit=425%2C283&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"425,283\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"7\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/7.jpg?fit=425%2C283&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10561 alignleft\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"425\" height=\"283\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10561\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/7-2\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/7.jpg?fit=425%2C283&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"425,283\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"7\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/7.jpg?fit=425%2C283&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10561 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/7.jpg?resize=425%2C283&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"425\" height=\"283\" \/><\/noscript>Ingesti\u00f3n<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Es el proceso que consiste en llevar los l\u00edquidos y alimentos a la boca (comer).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Secreci\u00f3n<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Diariamente las c\u00e9lulas de la pared del tubo digestivo y los \u00f3rganos auxiliares secretan casi 7 litros de agua, \u00e1cidos amortiguadores y enzimas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Mezclado y propulsi\u00f3n<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>La contracci\u00f3n y relajaci\u00f3n alternadas del musculo liso de la pared del tubo digestivo mezcla los alimentos y secreciones, adem\u00e1s de impulsarlos en direcci\u00f3n al ano. Esta caracter\u00edstica se denomina motilidad.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Defecaci\u00f3n<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Los desechos como sustancias no digeribles, bacterias, c\u00e9lulas que se esfacelan del revestimiento del tubo digestivo salen del cuerpo por el ano.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3. Factores que afectan la defecaci\u00f3n: de desarrollo y psicosociales<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Fisiolog\u00eda de la defecaci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La defecaci\u00f3n es la expulsi\u00f3n de materia fecal por el ano y del recto. La frecuencia de la defecaci\u00f3n depende en cada persona, oscila de varias veces al d\u00eda hasta 2 o 3 veces por semana.<\/p>\n<p>Cuando las ondas perist\u00e1lticas mueven las heces hacia el colon sigmoideo y el recto, se estimulan los nervios sensitivos del recto y el individuo se hace consciente de la necesidad de defecar.<\/p>\n<p>Normalmente la defecaci\u00f3n se inicia por dos reflejos defecatorios. Cuando las heces entran en el recto la distensi\u00f3n de las paredes rectales origina una se\u00f1al que se extiende a trav\u00e9s del plexo mesent\u00e9rico para iniciar ondas perist\u00e1lticas en el colon descendente.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Los factores que afectan la defecaci\u00f3n son:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10562\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/8-2\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/8.jpg?fit=191%2C136&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"191,136\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"8\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/8.jpg?fit=191%2C136&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10562 alignleft\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"191\" height=\"136\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10562\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/8-2\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/8.jpg?fit=191%2C136&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"191,136\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"8\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/8.jpg?fit=191%2C136&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10562 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/8.jpg?resize=191%2C136&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"191\" height=\"136\" \/><\/noscript>Edad y desarrollo<\/strong>. A los 18 a 24 meses de edad comienza cierto control de la defecaci\u00f3n. A esta edad el ni\u00f1o ha empezado a caminar y los sistemas muscular y nervioso est\u00e1n lo suficientemente desarrollados para permitir el control intestinal.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dieta.\u00a0<\/strong>Son necesarios suficientes residuos en la dieta como fibra y celulosa para proporcionar volumen fecal. Los individuos que comen a horas regulares todos los d\u00edas tienen una respuesta regular a la ingesta de alimentos y un patr\u00f3n regular de actividad perist\u00e1ltica en el colon.<\/p>\n<p>Los alimentos con muchas especias pueden producir diarrea y flatulencia en algunos individuos. Algunos alimentos que intervienen en la evacuaci\u00f3n intestinal son: alimentos productores de gas como coliflor, cebollas, pl\u00e1tano, manzanas y lechuga. Alimentos productores de laxantes: salvado, ciruelas, higo, chocolate y alcohol. Alimentos que producen estre\u00f1imiento: quesos, huevos, pasta y carne magra.<\/p>\n<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10563\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/attachment\/9\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/9.jpg?fit=199%2C254&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"199,254\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"9\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/9.jpg?fit=199%2C254&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10563 alignleft\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/9.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"199\" height=\"254\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10563\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/attachment\/9\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/9.jpg?fit=199%2C254&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"199,254\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"9\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/9.jpg?fit=199%2C254&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10563 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/9.jpg?resize=199%2C254&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"199\" height=\"254\" \/><\/noscript><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fluidos<\/strong>. Cuando la ingesta de fluidos en inadecuada o existe una eliminaci\u00f3n excesiva, el organismo sigue reabsorbiendo l\u00edquidos del quimo a medida que avanza por el colon. La disminuci\u00f3n de la ingesti\u00f3n de l\u00edquidos lentifica el paso del quimo a trav\u00e9s del intestino, aumenta a\u00fan m\u00e1s la reabsorci\u00f3n de fluidos del quimo. Una eliminaci\u00f3n fecal sana requiere una ingesta diaria de fluidos de 2000 a 3000 ml.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10564\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/10-2\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/10.jpg?fit=285%2C177&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"285,177\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"10\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/10.jpg?fit=285%2C177&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10564 alignleft\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/10.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"285\" height=\"177\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10564\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/10-2\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/10.jpg?fit=285%2C177&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"285,177\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"10\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/10.jpg?fit=285%2C177&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10564 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/10.jpg?resize=285%2C177&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"285\" height=\"177\" \/><\/noscript><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Actividad<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La actividad estimula el peristaltismo facilitando el desplazamiento del quimo a trav\u00e9s del colon. La debilidad de los m\u00fasculos abdominales y p\u00e9lvicos suele hacerlos ineficaces para aumentar la presi\u00f3n intraabdominal durante la defecaci\u00f3n o para controlarla.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Factores psicol\u00f3gicos<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ciertas enfermedades que conllevan la diarrea intensa como la colitis ulcerosa, puede tener un componente psicol\u00f3gico.<\/p>\n<p>Se sabe que ciertas personas que est\u00e1n ansiosas o enfadadas sufren un aumento en la actividad perist\u00e1ltica.<\/p>\n<p>Las personas deprimidas pueden sufrir una lentificaci\u00f3n de la motilidad que provoca estre\u00f1imiento.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10565\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/11-2\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/11.jpg?fit=212%2C237&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"212,237\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"11\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/11.jpg?fit=212%2C237&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10565 aligncenter\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/11.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"212\" height=\"237\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10565\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/11-2\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/11.jpg?fit=212%2C237&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"212,237\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"11\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/11.jpg?fit=212%2C237&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10565 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/11.jpg?resize=212%2C237&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"212\" height=\"237\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p><strong>Estilo de vida<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>El entrenamiento intestinal precoz puede establecer el h\u00e1bito de defecar con un patr\u00f3n regular.<\/p>\n<p>Muchas personas defecan despu\u00e9s de desayunar, cuando los reflejos gastroc\u00f3licos y duodenoc\u00f3licos producen ondas perist\u00e1lticas de masas en el intestino grueso.<\/p>\n<p>Si la persona ignora la necesidad de defecar el agua continua siendo reabsorbida endureciendo las heces y haciendo dif\u00edcil su expulsi\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p>Muchas personas tienen dificultades para defecar en posiciones dictadas por su enfermedad, como en dec\u00fabito supino.<\/p>\n<p>El acceso al aseo, la verg\u00fcenza por los olores y la necesidad de un ambiente privado tambi\u00e9n afectan los patrones de evacuaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10566\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/attachment\/12\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/12.jpg?fit=186%2C139&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"186,139\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"12\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/12.jpg?fit=186%2C139&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10566 alignleft\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/12.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"186\" height=\"139\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10566\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/attachment\/12\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/12.jpg?fit=186%2C139&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"186,139\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"12\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/12.jpg?fit=186%2C139&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10566 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/12.jpg?resize=186%2C139&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"186\" height=\"139\" \/><\/noscript><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Medicamentos<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ciertos f\u00e1rmacos tienen efectos secundarios que pueden interferir con la eliminaci\u00f3n normal, algunos producen diarrea y otros afectan directamente la eliminaci\u00f3n como los laxantes que estimulan la motilidad intestinal y ayudan a la eliminaci\u00f3n fecal.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10567\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/attachment\/13\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/13.jpg?fit=120%2C96&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"120,96\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"13\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/13.jpg?fit=120%2C96&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10567 alignleft\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/13.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"120\" height=\"96\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10567\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/attachment\/13\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/13.jpg?fit=120%2C96&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"120,96\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"13\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/13.jpg?fit=120%2C96&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10567 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/13.jpg?resize=120%2C96&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"120\" height=\"96\" \/><\/noscript>Procedimientos diagn\u00f3sticos<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>En la sigmoidoscop\u00eda al paciente no se le permite beber ni alimentarse despu\u00e9s de la media noche precedente a la exploraci\u00f3n. El cliente volver\u00e1 a su patr\u00f3n normal de eliminaci\u00f3n hasta que se vuelva a alimentar. El bario se endurece si se le permite permanecer en el colon, lo que produce estre\u00f1imiento y a veces impactaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Anestesia y cirug\u00eda<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Los anest\u00e9sicos generales hacen que los movimientos normales del colon cesen a se hagan m\u00e1s lentos por la estimulaci\u00f3n parasimp\u00e1tica de los m\u00fasculos del colon.<\/p>\n<p>Esta alteraci\u00f3n es menos frecuente en la anestesia local o espinal.<\/p>\n<p>La cirug\u00eda que implica una manipulaci\u00f3n directa de los intestinos puede producir un cese temporal del movimiento intestinal que puede durar de 24 a 48 horas.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10568\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/attachment\/14\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/14.jpg?fit=438%2C293&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"438,293\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"14\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/14.jpg?fit=438%2C293&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10568 aligncenter\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/14.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"438\" height=\"293\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10568\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/attachment\/14\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/14.jpg?fit=438%2C293&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"438,293\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"14\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/14.jpg?fit=438%2C293&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10568 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/14.jpg?resize=438%2C293&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"438\" height=\"293\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p><strong>Cuadros patol\u00f3gicos<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Las lesiones en la cabeza o en la m\u00e9dula espinal pueden disminuir la estimulaci\u00f3n sensitiva para la defecaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p>Un cliente puede sufrir incontinencia fecal debido al mal funcionamiento de los esf\u00ednteres anales.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10569\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/attachment\/15\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/15.jpg?fit=191%2C265&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"191,265\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"15\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/15.jpg?fit=191%2C265&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10569 aligncenter\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/15.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"191\" height=\"265\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10569\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/attachment\/15\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/15.jpg?fit=191%2C265&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"191,265\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"15\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/15.jpg?fit=191%2C265&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10569 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/15.jpg?resize=191%2C265&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"191\" height=\"265\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10570\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/attachment\/16\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/16.jpg?fit=194%2C134&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"194,134\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"16\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/16.jpg?fit=194%2C134&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10570 alignleft\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/16.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"194\" height=\"134\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10570\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/attachment\/16\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/16.jpg?fit=194%2C134&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"194,134\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"16\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/16.jpg?fit=194%2C134&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10570 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/16.jpg?resize=194%2C134&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"194\" height=\"134\" \/><\/noscript><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Irritantes<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Las comidas con especias, toxinas bacterianas y los venenos pueden irritar el tracto intestinal y producir diarrea y grandes cantidades de flato.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dolor<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Los clientes que sufren molestias al defecar suelen suprimir la necesidad de defecar para evitar el dolor.<\/p>\n<h3>4. <strong>Alteraciones de la funci\u00f3n gastrointestinal<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Estre\u00f1imiento<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Es la eliminaci\u00f3n de heces peque\u00f1as, duras y secas; o en su defecto la no eliminaci\u00f3n de las heces durante un cierto periodo de tiempo. Se produce cuando el movimiento de las heces a trav\u00e9s del intestino grueso es lento dando tiempo as\u00ed a la reabsorci\u00f3n adicional de fluido en el<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Incrustaci\u00f3n fecal<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Es una masa o colecci\u00f3n de heces endurecidas a modo de masilla en los pliegues del recto. Puede producirse por la acumulaci\u00f3n y retenci\u00f3n prolongada de material fecal. Se reconoce por la eliminaci\u00f3n de un l\u00edquido fecal con ausencia de heces normales.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10571\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/attachment\/17\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/17.jpg?fit=147%2C189&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"147,189\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"17\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/17.jpg?fit=147%2C189&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10571 alignleft\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/17.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"147\" height=\"189\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10571\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/attachment\/17\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/17.jpg?fit=147%2C189&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"147,189\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"17\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/17.jpg?fit=147%2C189&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10571 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/17.jpg?resize=147%2C189&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"147\" height=\"189\" \/><\/noscript><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Diarrea<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Eliminaci\u00f3n de heces muy l\u00edquidas con aumento de la frecuencia de las defecaciones. Resulta del movimiento r\u00e1pido del contenido fecal en los intestinos. El r\u00e1pido avance del quimo reduce el tiempo disponible para que se reabsorban l\u00edquidos y electrolitos en el intestino grueso.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Incontinencia fecal<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Se refiere a la p\u00e9rdida de la capacidad voluntaria de controlar la descarga fecal y gaseosa a trav\u00e9s del esf\u00ednter anal. Se asocia con la alteraci\u00f3n del funcionamiento del esf\u00ednter anal, como en enfermedades neuromusculares, traumatismos de la m\u00e9dula espinal y tumores del esf\u00ednter anal externo.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Flatulencia<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>El aire o el gas en el tracto intestinal se denomina flato.<\/li>\n<li>La flatulencia es la presencia de excesivos flatos en el intestino y produce dilataci\u00f3n y tensi\u00f3n del intestino (distensi\u00f3n intestinal) este cuadro tambi\u00e9n se conoce como meteorismo.<\/li>\n<li>La mayor\u00eda de los gases se eliminan por la boca mediante eructos.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Helmintos<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tambi\u00e9n llamados gusanos parasitarios, producen alteraciones digestivas, inflamaci\u00f3n y obstrucci\u00f3n intestinal y en algunos casos anemia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>5. <strong>Valoraci\u00f3n de la funci\u00f3n gastrointestinal<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Una valoraci\u00f3n completa de la funci\u00f3n fecal de un paciente consta de: historia de enfermer\u00eda; exploraci\u00f3n f\u00edsica de abdomen, recto y ano; inspecci\u00f3n de las heces; revisar cualquier dato obtenido en las pruebas diagn\u00f3sticas m\u00e1s importantes.<\/p>\n<p>En la historia de enfermer\u00eda el profesional deber\u00e1 solicitar descripci\u00f3n de las heces habituales y recoger informaci\u00f3n sobre cualquier\u00a0 problema anterior o actual con la eliminaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p>La exploraci\u00f3n f\u00edsica emplear\u00e1 las t\u00e9cnicas de inspecci\u00f3n con el objeto de identificar las caracter\u00edsticas del abdomen, la presencia de distenci\u00f3n; mediante la auscultaci\u00f3n identificar\u00e1 el funcionamiento circulatorio de las principales arterias que irrigan los \u00f3rganos del abdomen y valorar\u00e1 el peristaltismo; con la percusi\u00f3n identificar\u00e1 los sonidos que se producen por la presencia de gases, materia fecal o alimento; y con la palpaci\u00f3n se estimar\u00e1 la dimensi\u00f3n de las estructuras internas.<\/p>\n<p>En las heces se inspeccionar\u00e1 la forma, color, cantidad, olor, consistencia, componentes anormales.<\/p>\n<p>Las pruebas diagn\u00f3sticas podr\u00e1n ser: un coprol\u00f3gico, coproparasitosc\u00f3pico, coproparasitosc\u00f3pico seriado.<\/p>\n<h3>6. <strong>Plan de cuidados para los diagn\u00f3sticos de enfermer\u00eda relacionados con la funci\u00f3n gastrointestinal<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10572\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/captura-7\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/Captura-1.png?fit=577%2C193&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"577,193\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Captura\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/Captura-1.png?fit=577%2C193&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10572 aligncenter\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/Captura-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"577\" height=\"193\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10572\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/captura-7\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/Captura-1.png?fit=577%2C193&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"577,193\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Captura\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/Captura-1.png?fit=577%2C193&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10572 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/Captura-1.png?resize=577%2C193&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"577\" height=\"193\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<h3><strong>7. Procedimientos para favorecer la eliminaci\u00f3n intestinal<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><u>Administraci\u00f3n de enemas.<\/u><\/p>\n<p>Los enemas se clasifican seg\u00fan su acci\u00f3n u objetivo: de limpieza, carminativos (son medicamentos que alivian la flatulencia como el an\u00eds, lavanda, agua de lima, menta, etc.), de retenci\u00f3n y de flujo de retorno.<\/p>\n<p>Los enemas de limpieza estimulan el peristaltismo mediante la irritaci\u00f3n del colon y el recto o mediante la distensi\u00f3n del intestino. Suelen utilizarse antes de realizar una prueba diagn\u00f3stica y en el adulto se administra de 750 a 1 000 mL de soluci\u00f3n, reteni\u00e9ndose en el intestino durante 5 a 10 min. Este enema se puede aplicar de 2 a 3 veces (m\u00e1ximo), con intervalo de 30 a 40 min, hasta que el l\u00edquido expulsado est\u00e9 libre de materia fecal.<\/p>\n<p>Los enemas carminativos se usan para eliminar el flato (gases). La soluci\u00f3n instilada en el recto desprende gas que a su vez distiende el colon y estimula el peristaltismo. En un adulto se administran de 60 a 180 mL de l\u00edquido.<\/p>\n<p>Los enemas de retenci\u00f3n lubrican el recto y el colon sigmoides para reblandecer las heces. El aceite se retiene por un per\u00edodo de 2 a 3 h.<\/p>\n<p>Los enemas de flujo de retorno o irrigaci\u00f3n de colon se utilizan para mejorar la flatulencia. El flujo alternante de 100 a 200 mL de l\u00edquido hacia adentro y hacia afuera estimula el peristaltismo y la expulsi\u00f3n de gases.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10574\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/2-7\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/2.png?fit=565%2C431&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"565,431\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"2\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/2.png?fit=565%2C431&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10574 aligncenter\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"565\" height=\"431\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10574\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/2-7\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/2.png?fit=565%2C431&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"565,431\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"2\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/2.png?fit=565%2C431&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10574 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/2.png?resize=565%2C431&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"565\" height=\"431\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p>La administraci\u00f3n repetida de soluciones hipot\u00f3nicas (agua corriente) puede provocar el paso del agua del colon al torrente sangu\u00edneo, produciendo una intoxicaci\u00f3n o hipervolemia. En personas con problemas renales o insuficiencia cardiaca est\u00e1n proscritas.<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00f3digo de evacuaciones<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10575\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/3-7\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/3.png?fit=525%2C447&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"525,447\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"3\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/3.png?fit=525%2C447&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10575 aligncenter\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"525\" height=\"447\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10575\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/3-7\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/3.png?fit=525%2C447&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"525,447\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"3\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/3.png?fit=525%2C447&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10575 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2021\/08\/3.png?resize=525%2C447&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"525\" height=\"447\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p><u>Preparaci\u00f3n y administraci\u00f3n del vida suero oral (VSO)<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Terapia de hidrataci\u00f3n oral: Se refiere a la ministraci\u00f3n de sales de hidrataci\u00f3n oral. Y se utiliza para la prevenci\u00f3n de la deshidrataci\u00f3n secundaria a c\u00f3lera y a cualquier enfermedad diarreica.<\/li>\n<li>Vida Suero oral: Es la preparaci\u00f3n del suero oral mediante la mezcla de un litro de agua hervida con el contenido del sobre recomendado.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>8. NOM-016-SSA2-2012 para la vigilancia, prevenci\u00f3n, control, manejo y tratamiento del c\u00f3lera<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Esta norma tiene por objeto establecer los criterios y especificaciones sobre las actividades relacionadas con la vigilancia, prevenci\u00f3n, control, manejo y tratamiento del c\u00f3lera.<\/p>\n<h2>Conclusi\u00f3n<\/h2>\n<p>Los conocimientos adquiridos en esta unidad permitir\u00e1n el reconocimiento de las necesidades del paciente en el ambiente hospitalario prioriz\u00e1ndolas para proporcionar cuidado de enfermer\u00eda.<\/p>\n<h2>Bibliograf\u00eda consultada<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Fundamentos de Enfermer\u00eda. Conceptos, proceso y pr\u00e1ctica. Tomos I y II, 7\u00aa Ed. Editorial Interamericana McGraw-Hill. Espa\u00f1a: 2005.Tomo II Cap. 46 Eliminaci\u00f3n fecal. pp. 1339-1371<\/li>\n<li>Jonhson, M. Maas, M.L. Morhead, S. Clasificaci\u00f3n de Resultados de Enfermer\u00eda (NOC) 4\u00aa Ed. Editorial Elsevier: Espa\u00f1a; 2009.<\/li>\n<li>Bulecheck, G. Butcher, H. McCloskey, J. Clasificaci\u00f3n de Intervenciones de enfermer\u00eda (NIC) 5\u00aa Ed. Editorial Elsevier: Espa\u00f1a; 2009.<\/li>\n<li>NANDA International, Diagn\u00f3sticos enfermeros: Definiciones y Clasificaci\u00f3n 2012-2014. Editorial Elsevier: Espa\u00f1a, 2014.<\/li>\n<li>Gonz\u00e1lez G, Herrero A. T\u00e9cnicas y procedimientos de enfermer\u00eda. Editorial Difusi\u00f3n Avances de Enfermer\u00eda: Espa\u00f1a; 2009.<\/li>\n<li>Normak, Rohweder. Bases cient\u00edficas de la enfermer\u00eda. 2\u00aa Ed. Editorial Manual moderno. Reimpresi\u00f3n 2005.<\/li>\n<li>NOM-016-SSA2-2012 Para la vigilancia, prevenci\u00f3n, control, manejo y tratamiento del c\u00f3lera. Disponible en URL: https:\/\/www.dof.gob.mx\/nota_detalle.php<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introducci\u00f3n Se estudian los factores de desarrollo y psicosociales que afectan la defecaci\u00f3n, se valoran la eliminaci\u00f3n gastrointestinal considerando: la historia de enfermer\u00eda y la exploraci\u00f3n f\u00edsica. Se analiza la norma oficial mexicana que respalda el cuidado de esta necesidad y se estudian los diagn\u00f3sticos de los diagn\u00f3sticos de enfermer\u00eda m\u00e1s comunes; se abordan las &#8230; <a title=\"Unidad did\u00e1ctica 12: Cuidados de enfermer\u00eda para favorecer la eliminaci\u00f3n gastrointestinal\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-cuidados-de-enfermeria-para-favorecer-la-eliminacion-gastrointestinal\/\" aria-label=\"Leer m\u00e1s sobre Unidad did\u00e1ctica 12: Cuidados de enfermer\u00eda para favorecer la eliminaci\u00f3n gastrointestinal\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":111,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_crdt_document":"","episode_type":"","audio_file":"","podmotor_file_id":"","podmotor_episode_id":"","cover_image":"","cover_image_id":"","duration":"","filesize":"","filesize_raw":"","date_recorded":"","explicit":"","block":"","itunes_episode_number":"","itunes_title":"","itunes_season_number":"","itunes_episode_type":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10550","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-enfermeria-basica"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9Pe0m-2Ka","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10550","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/111"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10550"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10550\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10587,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10550\/revisions\/10587"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10550"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10550"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10550"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}