{"id":3922,"date":"2018-04-19T16:31:06","date_gmt":"2018-04-19T21:31:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/?p=3922"},"modified":"2018-10-01T08:49:26","modified_gmt":"2018-10-01T13:49:26","slug":"unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/","title":{"rendered":"Unidad did\u00e1ctica 12: Atenci\u00f3n de enfermer\u00eda en pacientes con trastornos hematol\u00f3gicos e inmunitarios"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>INTRODUCCI\u00d3N<\/h2>\n<p>La sangre es un tejido vivo que transporta el ox\u00edgeno desde los pulmones hasta los<br \/>\ntejidos y \u00f3rganos; por lo cual los trastornos de la sangre, pueden derivar en serios<br \/>\nproblemas de salud, entre los que podemos mencionar: anemias, leucopenias,<br \/>\nleucocitosis y leucemias agudas y cr\u00f3nicas, las cuales pueden ser tratadas con<br \/>\ndiferentes m\u00e9todos, como la quimioterapia, la radioterapia y el Trasplante de M\u00e9dula<br \/>\n\u00d3sea, lo que implica diversidad en el cuidado de enfermer\u00eda.<\/p>\n<h2>COMPETENCIA<\/h2>\n<p>Proporciona cuidado de enfermer\u00eda de calidad en situaciones de enfermedad,<br \/>\naplicando el proceso de enfermer\u00eda como un instrumento metodol\u00f3gico.<br \/>\nAdquiere la habilidad para realizar los procedimientos y t\u00e9cnicas de enfermer\u00eda<br \/>\npara el cuidado del adulto con afecciones hematol\u00f3gicas o inmunitarias.<\/p>\n<h2>DESARROLLO<\/h2>\n<h3>12.1 Valoraci\u00f3n de enfermer\u00eda.<\/h3>\n<p>Debido a su elevado riesgo de sufrir hemorragias e infecciones del<strong> paciente hematol\u00f3gico,<\/strong> nos centraremos en un examen f\u00edsico exhaustivo que incluya:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Control de las constantes vitales:<\/strong> Tensi\u00f3n arterial, frecuencia card\u00edaca, saturaci\u00f3n de ox\u00edgeno, temperatura su alteraci\u00f3n puede ser indicativo de alguna patolog\u00eda.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Valoraci\u00f3n del estado general:<\/strong> evaluaremos s\u00edntomas como astenia, dolor, confusi\u00f3n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Detecci\u00f3n de s\u00edntomas de shock hipovol\u00e9mico:<\/strong> hipotensi\u00f3n, taquipnea, pulso r\u00e1pido y filiforme, palidez cut\u00e1nea.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>En muchas ocasiones, cuando se solicita atenci\u00f3n m\u00e9dica de rutina, se identifica un trastorno hematol\u00f3gico o inmunitario como un hallazgo.<\/p>\n<p>Los antecedentes m\u00e9dicos que indican un trastorno hematol\u00f3gico o inmunitario potencial o presente incluye:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Infecciones recientes, recurrentes o cr\u00f3nicas.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1ncer o tratamiento previo de \u00e9ste.<\/li>\n<li>Infecci\u00f3n por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH).<\/li>\n<li>Trastornos hep\u00e1ticos.<\/li>\n<li>Trastornos renales.<\/li>\n<li>Trastornos de malabsorci\u00f3n.<\/li>\n<li>Hemorragia prolongada o cicatrizaci\u00f3n tard\u00eda en operaciones quir\u00fargicas o extracciones dentales previas.<\/li>\n<li>Antecedentes de transfusi\u00f3n sangu\u00ednea.<\/li>\n<li>Antecedentes de esplenectom\u00eda.<\/li>\n<li>Colocaci\u00f3n de v\u00e1lvulas cardiacas prot\u00e9sicas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Revisi\u00f3n de signos y s\u00edntomas<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9438\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-001\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-001.png?fit=1224%2C1451&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1224,1451\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-001\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-001.png?fit=253%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-001.png?fit=864%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-9438 aligncenter\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-001.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"948\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9438\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-001\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-001.png?fit=1224%2C1451&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1224,1451\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-001\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-001.png?fit=253%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-001.png?fit=864%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-9438 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-001.png?resize=800%2C948&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"948\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-001.png?w=1224&amp;ssl=1 1224w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-001.png?resize=253%2C300&amp;ssl=1 253w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-001.png?resize=768%2C910&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-001.png?resize=864%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 864w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p><em>Tabla\u00a0 1. Revisi\u00f3n de signos y s\u00edntomas de trastorno hematol\u00f3gico o inmunitario potencial o presente.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Antecedentes familiares<\/strong><br \/>\nSe debe interrogar acerca de aquellos que indiquen problema hematol\u00f3gico o inmunitario potencial: hemofilia, drepanocitemia, c\u00e1ncer o muerte a edad temprana por motivos diferentes a traumatismos.<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u00e1bitos sociales<\/strong><br \/>\nAntecedentes que pueden ayudar al diagn\u00f3stico y tratamiento y trastorno subyacente.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Exposici\u00f3n desusada o excesiva a sustancias qu\u00edmicas (p. ej., gasolina, benceno solventes, gomas, pinturas, barnices) o a radiaciones (p. ej., rayos X) en el trabajo o en actividades recreativas.<\/li>\n<li>Preferencias diet\u00e9ticas desusadas, pica.<\/li>\n<li>Consumo excesivo de alcohol.<\/li>\n<li>Preferencias sexuales, n\u00famero de compa\u00f1eros, antecedentes de enfermedades de transmisi\u00f3n sexual, m\u00e9todo anticonceptivo actual, pr\u00e1cticas sexuales seguras.<\/li>\n<li>F\u00e1rmacos intravenosos.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Antecedentes farmacol\u00f3gicos<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Los medicamentos de uso actual o un cambio reciente al respecto suelen sugerir un trastorno hematol\u00f3gico o inmunitario subyacente. Siempre es necesario investigar acerca del uso de medicamentos que se venden sin receta porque muchos contienen \u00e1cido acetilsalic\u00edlico o antiinflamatorios no esteroideos.<br \/>\nMuchos medicamentos usados para tratar trastornos no hematol\u00f3gicos ni inmunitarios pueden afectar los sistemas respectivos, por ejemplo:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9439\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-002\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-002.png?fit=1224%2C1894&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1224,1894\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-002\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-002.png?fit=194%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-002.png?fit=662%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-9439 aligncenter\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-002.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1238\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9439\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-002\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-002.png?fit=1224%2C1894&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1224,1894\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-002\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-002.png?fit=194%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-002.png?fit=662%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-9439 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-002.png?resize=800%2C1238&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1238\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-002.png?w=1224&amp;ssl=1 1224w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-002.png?resize=194%2C300&amp;ssl=1 194w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-002.png?resize=768%2C1188&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-002.png?resize=662%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 662w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><em>Tabla\u00a0 2. Medicamentos usados para trastornos no hematol\u00f3gicos ni inmunitarios.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Palpaci\u00f3n y percusi\u00f3n<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Temperatura: Fiebre mayor de 38.3\u00b0C.<\/li>\n<li>Cuello: crecimiento de ganglios linf\u00e1ticos.<\/li>\n<li>Abdomen: hepatomegalia, esplenomegalia, adenomegalia en axila o ingle.<\/li>\n<li>Musculoesquel\u00e9tico: dolor a la palpaci\u00f3n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Auscultaci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Taquicardia.<\/li>\n<li>Hipotensi\u00f3n.<\/li>\n<li>Cambios ortost\u00e1ticos (aumento del pulso en 20 latidos y disminuci\u00f3n de la presi\u00f3n).<\/li>\n<li>Soplos.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9440\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-003\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-003.png?fit=1265%2C769&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1265,769\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-003\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-003.png?fit=300%2C182&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-003.png?fit=1024%2C622&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9440\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-003.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"486\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9440\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-003\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-003.png?fit=1265%2C769&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1265,769\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-003\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-003.png?fit=300%2C182&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-003.png?fit=1024%2C622&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9440\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-003.png?resize=800%2C486&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"486\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-003.png?w=1265&amp;ssl=1 1265w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-003.png?resize=300%2C182&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-003.png?resize=768%2C467&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-003.png?resize=1024%2C622&amp;ssl=1 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p><em>Tabla\u00a0 3. Inspecci\u00f3n.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>12.2 Ex\u00e1menes de laboratorio y gabinete<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Biometr\u00eda hem\u00e1tica completa (complete blood count, CBC), con diferencial leucocitario<\/strong><br \/>\nLa cifra total de leucocitos (white blood cells, WBC) indica el n\u00famero total en 1 \u00b5L de sangre.<span style=\"color: #ff0000\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p>La cifra de<strong> eritrocitos<\/strong> es una medida del n\u00famero total en 1 mm3 de sangre.<\/p>\n<p><strong>La cifra de hemoglobina (Hb)<\/strong> representa la cantidad por decilitro de sangre e indica la capacidad de transporte de ox\u00edgeno de la misma.<\/p>\n<p>El <strong>hematocrito (HCT)<\/strong> es el porcentaje de eritrocitos en un volumen de sangre entera.<\/p>\n<p>El <strong>volumen corpuscular medio<\/strong> (mean corpuscular volume, MCV) es el tama\u00f1o promedio (volumen) de los eritrocitos.<\/p>\n<p>La <strong>concentraci\u00f3n corpuscular media<\/strong> de hemoglobina (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, MCHC) es la concentraci\u00f3n promedio de hemoglobina en los eritrocitos, o dicho de otra manera es la cantidad promedio de hemoglobina por eritrocito.<br \/>\nLa cifra de plaquetas es el n\u00famero total por mm3 de sangre.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9442\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-005\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-005.jpg?fit=852%2C1037&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"852,1037\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-005\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-005.jpg?fit=246%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-005.jpg?fit=841%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-9442 aligncenter\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-005.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"974\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9442\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-005\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-005.jpg?fit=852%2C1037&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"852,1037\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-005\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-005.jpg?fit=246%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-005.jpg?fit=841%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-9442 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-005.jpg?resize=800%2C974&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"974\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-005.jpg?w=852&amp;ssl=1 852w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-005.jpg?resize=246%2C300&amp;ssl=1 246w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-005.jpg?resize=768%2C935&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-005.jpg?resize=841%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 841w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p><em>Imagen 1. Biometr\u00eda hem\u00e1tica completa.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tiempos de coagulaci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>El tiempo de coagulaci\u00f3n es la fase primaria de la hemostasia, es decir, cu\u00e1nto tiempo requieren las plaquetas para adherirse al vaso sangu\u00edneo roto y formar el co\u00e1gulo. Es un par\u00e1metro macrosc\u00f3pico de la funci\u00f3n plaquetaria.<br \/>\nEl <strong>tiempo de trombina<\/strong> (thrombin time, TT) indica el periodo que requiere la prote\u00edna (factor Ha) para convertir el fibrin\u00f3geno (factor I) en fibrina (factor la). Se prolonga notablemente en presencia de heparina.<br \/>\nEl <strong>tiempo de protrombina<\/strong> (prothrombin time, PT) cuantifica la capacidad de la cascada de coagulaci\u00f3n extr\u00ednseca (factor VII) y la v\u00eda com\u00fan (factor X [de Stuart], factor V [proacelerina], factor II [protrombina], y factor I [fibrin\u00f3geno]). El PT se usa para vigilar el tratamiento con warfarina.<br \/>\nEl<strong> tiempo parcial de tromboplastina<\/strong> (parcial thromboplastin time, PTT) es una medida m\u00e1s sensible de la capacidad de coagulaci\u00f3n y una prueba de la v\u00eda com\u00fan (factor X [Stuart], factor V [proacelerina], factor II [protrombina], y factor I [fibrin\u00f3geno]); se usa para vigilar el tratamiento con heparina.<\/p>\n<p>La Raz\u00f3n Normalizada Internacional (International Normalized Ratio, INR) es una evaluaci\u00f3n comparativa de razones PT en la que el PT medido se ajusta a la tromboplastina de referencia internacional; constituye la manera m\u00e1s uniforme de vigilar el tratamiento con warfarina.<\/p>\n<p>Los d\u00edmeros D tambi\u00e9n reflejan cifras de productos de fragmentaci\u00f3n de fibrina, pero son una prueba m\u00e1s espec\u00edfica para la coagulaci\u00f3n intravascular diseminada (disseminated intravascular coagulation, DIC) porque son espec\u00edficos de la fibrin\u00f3lisis<br \/>\nEl fibrin\u00f3geno es una medida de la concentraci\u00f3n sangu\u00ednea del mismo (factor I)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bilirrubina s\u00e9rica<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La bilirrubina <strong>conjugada o directa<\/strong> circula libremente en la sangre, hasta que es depurada por el h\u00edgado y excretada en la bilis. Un aumento en la bilirrubina conjugada indica disfunci\u00f3n o impedimento hep\u00e1ticos.<\/p>\n<p>La bilirrubina <strong>indirecta o no conjugada<\/strong> est\u00e1 unida a prote\u00ednas. Cuando aumenta, suele indicar que ha aumentado la destrucci\u00f3n de eritrocitos.<\/p>\n<p>La bilirrubina total suma la bilirrubina conjugada y la no conjugada.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9443\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-006\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-006.png?fit=852%2C1173&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"852,1173\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-006\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-006.png?fit=218%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-006.png?fit=744%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9443\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-006.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1101\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9443\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-006\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-006.png?fit=852%2C1173&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"852,1173\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-006\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-006.png?fit=218%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-006.png?fit=744%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9443\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-006.png?resize=800%2C1101&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1101\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-006.png?w=852&amp;ssl=1 852w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-006.png?resize=218%2C300&amp;ssl=1 218w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-006.png?resize=768%2C1057&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-006.png?resize=744%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 744w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><em>Imagen 2. Cifras sangu\u00edneas.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Prueba de Coombs<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La prueba de Coombs directa detecta la presencia de anticuerpos en la membrana eritrocitaria. La prueba de Coombs indirecta detecta anticuerpos en el suero.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pruebas de anticuerpos<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Las pruebas de anticuerpos contra VIH incluyen al an\u00e1lisis de inmuno absorbencia ligado a enzimas (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA) y la mancha de Western.<br \/>\nAmbas se utilizan para detectar la presencia de anticuerpos contra VIH. La mancha de Western es m\u00e1s espec\u00edfica y sensible.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Cultivos<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Los hemocultivos detectan e identifican microorganismos en sangre. Los cultivos de esputo detectan e identifican microorganismos en saliva.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pruebas de orina<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>El an\u00e1lisis de orina detecta cantidades macrosc\u00f3picas de sangre o prote\u00ednas, el urocultivo en cambio detecta e identifica microorganismos.<\/p>\n<p>La <strong>electroforesis de prote\u00ednas urinaria<\/strong>s \u201c<em>urine protein electrophoresis<\/em>\u201d (UPEP) determina las cifras de prote\u00ednas que se excretan, particularmente inmunoglobulinas.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Prueba en heces<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La prueba de sangre oculta en heces detecta cantidades microsc\u00f3picas de sangre.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Radiol\u00f3gicos<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Se utiliza ultrasonograf\u00eda espl\u00e9nica para determinar el tama\u00f1o del bazo.<\/p>\n<p>En el rastreo hepatoespl\u00e9nico se usa un marcador radiactivo para valorar el tama\u00f1o y la funci\u00f3n del bazo y el h\u00edgado.<br \/>\nEn un rastreo con galio se tiene un marcador radiactivo para detectar la presencia de tejido maligno, en particular linfoideo. En una linfangiograf\u00eda (lymphangiogram, LAG), se trabaja con un medio de contraste para visualizar radiol\u00f3gicamente el sistema linf\u00e1tico, en particular el tama\u00f1o y la arquitectura de los ganglios.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Biopsias<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La biopsia de m\u00e9dula \u00f3sea incluye el aspirado de l\u00edquido medular y la obtenci\u00f3n de una muestra con aguja para estudio histopatol\u00f3gico.<\/p>\n<p>En la biopsia de ganglio linf\u00e1tico se extirpan uno o m\u00e1s para estudio histol\u00f3gico.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pruebas cut\u00e1neas<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Las pruebas cut\u00e1neas sirven como par\u00e1metro del funcionamiento inmunitario detectar hiposensibilidad o hipersensibilidad a un ant\u00edgeno en particular. Son ejemplos de al\u00e9rgenos para pruebas cut\u00e1neas: extractos de al\u00e9rgenos (p. ej., polvo, polen, caspa de animal); pruebas de tuberculina con derivado prote\u00ednico purificado (purified protein derivative, PPD); virus de la parotiditis, Candida albicans y hongos cut\u00e1neos.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9441\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-004\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-004.png?fit=1224%2C748&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1224,748\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-004\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-004.png?fit=300%2C183&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-004.png?fit=1024%2C626&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-9441 aligncenter\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-004.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"489\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9441\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-004\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-004.png?fit=1224%2C748&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1224,748\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-004\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-004.png?fit=300%2C183&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-004.png?fit=1024%2C626&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-9441 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-004.png?resize=800%2C489&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"489\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-004.png?w=1224&amp;ssl=1 1224w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-004.png?resize=300%2C183&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-004.png?resize=768%2C469&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-004.png?resize=1024%2C626&amp;ssl=1 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>Imagen 3. Petequ\u00eda y P\u00fapura.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9444\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-007\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-007.jpg?fit=1370%2C843&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1370,843\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-007\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-007.jpg?fit=300%2C185&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-007.jpg?fit=1024%2C630&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9444\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-007.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"492\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9444\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-007\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-007.jpg?fit=1370%2C843&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1370,843\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-007\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-007.jpg?fit=300%2C185&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-007.jpg?fit=1024%2C630&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9444\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-007.jpg?resize=800%2C492&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"492\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-007.jpg?w=1370&amp;ssl=1 1370w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-007.jpg?resize=300%2C185&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-007.jpg?resize=768%2C473&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-007.jpg?resize=1024%2C630&amp;ssl=1 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p><em>Imagen 4. Pruebas cut\u00e1neas.<\/em><\/p>\n<h3>12.3 Procedimientos espec\u00edficos:<\/h3>\n<h4>12.3.1 Manejo de hemoderivados<\/h4>\n<p>La transfusi\u00f3n de hemoderivados es el procedimiento de trasplante tisular de mayor utilizaci\u00f3n en el manejo de las alteraciones hematol\u00f3gicas.<span style=\"color: #3366ff\"> (Ir a ANEXOS y ver la lectura Manejo de hemoderivados)<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>12.3.2. T\u00e9cnicas de aislamiento<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Concepto<\/strong><br \/>\nEs la separaci\u00f3n de personas infectadas del hu\u00e9sped susceptible durante el periodo de transmisibilidad de la enfermedad, en lugares y condiciones que eviten o limiten la transmisi\u00f3n del agente infeccioso. (OPS).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Objetivo<\/strong><br \/>\nProteger a las personas de la transmisi\u00f3n de enfermedades infectocontagiosas, mediante la interrupci\u00f3n de la cadena de transmisi\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Indicaciones<\/strong><br \/>\nSe realiza en base a la patolog\u00eda, que incluye pacientes con enfermedades infecciosas muy contagiosas e inmunodeprimidos (aislamiento protector).<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9445\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-008\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-008.png?fit=1224%2C749&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1224,749\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-008\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-008.png?fit=300%2C184&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-008.png?fit=1024%2C627&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-9445 aligncenter\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-008.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"490\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9445\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-008\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-008.png?fit=1224%2C749&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1224,749\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-008\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-008.png?fit=300%2C184&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-008.png?fit=1024%2C627&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-9445 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-008.png?resize=800%2C490&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"490\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-008.png?w=1224&amp;ssl=1 1224w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-008.png?resize=300%2C184&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-008.png?resize=768%2C470&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-008.png?resize=1024%2C627&amp;ssl=1 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p><em>Tabla 4. T\u00e9cnicas de aislamiento.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Aislamiento estricto<\/strong><br \/>\nIndicado para evitar la transmisi\u00f3n de enfermedades muy contagiosas o virulentas capaces de propagarse por v\u00eda a\u00e9rea y por contacto. Por ejemplo: Herpes zoster diseminado, difteria lar\u00edngea, lesiones cut\u00e1neas extensas infectadas, carbunco, fiebres hemorr\u00e1gicas.<\/p>\n<p><em>Especificaciones:<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Habitaciones separadas.<\/li>\n<li>Uso de bata, guantes y cubrebocas para entrar a la habitaci\u00f3n.<\/li>\n<li>Lavado de manos.<\/li>\n<li>Los art\u00edculos contaminados deben ser desechados o enviados a esterilizar usando t\u00e9cnica de doble bolsa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Aislamiento de contacto<\/strong><br \/>\nSu finalidad es evitar la transmisi\u00f3n de infecciones altamente contagiosas y que no justifiquen un aislamiento estricto. por ejemplo: IRAs agudas en lactantes y ni\u00f1os, conjuntivitis gonoc\u00f3cica en RN, difteria cut\u00e1nea, furunculosis estafiloc\u00f3cica en RN, herpes simple, gripe en lactantes, pediculosis, neumon\u00edas (s. aereus, estreptococo A), rabia, rub\u00e9ola cong\u00e9nita, sarna, bacterias multiresistentes (bacilos gram negativos, s. aereus, pneumococos resistentes a la penicilina, H. influenzae).<\/p>\n<p><em>Especificaciones:<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Uso de bata, guantes y cubrebocas PRN.<\/li>\n<li>Lavado de manos.<\/li>\n<li>Desecho de material contaminado con t\u00e9cnica de doble bolsa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Aislamiento respitarorio<\/strong><br \/>\nEvita la transmisi\u00f3n de enfermedades infecciosas por v\u00eda a\u00e9rea. Por ejemplo: Epiglotitis por H. influenzae, eritema infeccioso, sarampi\u00f3n, meningitis (H. influenzae, meningoc\u00f3cica), neumon\u00eda meningoc\u00f3cica, parotiditis, tosferina.<\/p>\n<p><em>Especificaciones:<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Habitaci\u00f3n separada.<\/li>\n<li>Uso obligatorio de cubrebocas.<\/li>\n<li>Lavado de manos.<\/li>\n<li>Desecho de material contaminado con doble bolsa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Aislamiento ent\u00e9rico<\/strong><br \/>\nEvita la diseminaci\u00f3n a trav\u00e9s de materias fecales y en algunos casos de objetos contaminados por determinados microorganismos. Por ejemplo: Gastroenteritis bacterianas o v\u00edricas, fiebre tifoidea, c\u00f3lera, giardiasis, amibiasis, poliomielitis meningitis viral, enterocolitis pseudomembranosa.<\/p>\n<p><em>Especificaciones:<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Habitaciones separadas PRN.<\/li>\n<li>Uso de bata y guantes PRN.<\/li>\n<li>No necesario el uso de mascarilla.<\/li>\n<li>Lavado de manos.<\/li>\n<li>Desecho de material contaminado con doble bolsa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Aislamiento parenteral<\/strong><br \/>\nPreviene la diseminaci\u00f3n de enfermedades transmitidas por la sangre, por l\u00edquidos org\u00e1nicos u objetos contaminados por los mismos. Por ejemplo: SIDA, hepatitis, s\u00edfilis, paludismo, leptopirosis, accesos, quemaduras, \u00falceras (no producidas por microorganismos multiresistentes o se encuentren seriamente infectadas).<\/p>\n<p><em>Especificaciones:<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Habitaci\u00f3n individual PRN.<\/li>\n<li>No necesario uso de cubrebocas.<\/li>\n<li>Precauci\u00f3n especial con el uso de agujas y objetos punzocortantes.<\/li>\n<li>Uso de bata y guantes PRN.<\/li>\n<li>Lavado de manos.<\/li>\n<li>Desecho de material contaminado con t\u00e9cnica de doble bolsa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Aislamiento protector o inverso<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Trata de proteger a pacientes severamente inmunodeprimidos y no infectados. Pacientes severamente inmunodeprimidos, TMO, quimioterapia, SIDA, pancitopenias.<\/p>\n<p><em>Especificaciones:<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Habitaci\u00f3n individual.<\/li>\n<li>Uso estricto de guantes, bata y cubrebocas para todas las personas que entren a la habitaci\u00f3n.<\/li>\n<li>Mantener siempre la puerta cerrada.<\/li>\n<li>Lavado de manos.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Complicaciones<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Inmediatas:<\/strong> Quejas del paciente por sentirse solo; depresi\u00f3n y reacciones de ira.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tard\u00edas:<\/strong> Aparici\u00f3n de infecciones por una deficiente realizaci\u00f3n del procedimiento.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Recomendaciones<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Los pacientes aislados tienden a sentirse rechazados y solos; es importante acudir a su llamado y visitarlos peri\u00f3dicamente.<br \/>\nInformar a paciente y familiares sobre las medidas de aislamiento.<\/li>\n<li>Lavado de manos.<\/li>\n<li>Colocar un cartel que se\u00f1ale el tipo de aislamiento, la prohibici\u00f3n de entrada y la recomendaci\u00f3n de pasar al control de enfermer\u00eda para informar el edo. del pte.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>12.3.3. Infecciones nosocomiales<\/h4>\n<p>De acuerdo con la OMS:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Infecci\u00f3n contra\u00edda en el hospital por un paciente internado por una raz\u00f3n distinta de esa infecci\u00f3n, esto es no presente en el momento del ingreso hospitalario.<\/li>\n<li>Una infecci\u00f3n que se presenta en un paciente internado en un hospital o en otro establecimiento de atenci\u00f3n de salud en quien la infecci\u00f3n no se hab\u00eda manifestado ni estaba en per\u00edodo de incubaci\u00f3n en el momento del internado. Se desarrolla despu\u00e9s de 48 horas de su ingreso.<\/li>\n<li>Comprende las infecciones contra\u00eddas en el hospital, pero manifiestas despu\u00e9s del alta hospitalaria y tambi\u00e9n las infecciones ocupacionales del personal del establecimiento. Ocurre 3 d\u00edas despu\u00e9s del alta hospitalaria o dentro de los 30 d\u00edas de la intervenci\u00f3n quir\u00fargica.<\/li>\n<li>Reacci\u00f3n patol\u00f3gica causada por microorganismos cuyo origen est\u00e1 en hospital. (Esto concierne a visitantes o trabajadores en un hospital).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Clasificaci\u00f3n:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Infecci\u00f3n ex\u00f3gena:<\/strong> Es la provocada por un microorganismo del ambiente hospitalario.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Infecci\u00f3n End\u00f3gena.<\/strong> Resulta de una actividad hecha en el hospital, en este caso el microbio es comunitario del hu\u00e9sped<\/li>\n<li><strong>Infecci\u00f3n Ocupacional.\u00a0<\/strong>Es la infecci\u00f3n nosocomial que adquiere un profesional que trabaja en un hospital<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Las infecciones nosocomiales:<\/strong> Incrementan la estancia hospitalaria, el uso de antimicrobianos y la Morbi-Mortalidad<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Son un indicador de la calidad de la atenci\u00f3n m\u00e9dica.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Diagn\u00f3stico:<\/strong> Se realiza a trav\u00e9s de muestras corporales habitualmente est\u00e9riles<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>V\u00edas respiratorias bajas<\/li>\n<li>Orina<\/li>\n<li>Sangre<\/li>\n<li>L\u00edquido Cefalorraqu\u00eddeo<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Vigilancia:<\/strong><br \/>\nSe requiere estudio de vigilancia en paciente con perfil de estancia prolongada, que tiene varios factores de riesgo. Es necesario para clasificar infecci\u00f3n ex\u00f3gena de una end\u00f3gena, ya que las medidas de control son diferentes.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Factores de riesgo:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Severidad de la enfermedad<\/li>\n<li>Estancia prolongada<\/li>\n<li>Ventilaci\u00f3n Mec\u00e1nica<\/li>\n<li>Accesos vasculares<\/li>\n<li>UCI con m\u00e1s de 10 camas<\/li>\n<li>Escasa dotaci\u00f3n de personal<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Recomendaciones para el control de la infecci\u00f3n nosocomial:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Asignaci\u00f3n de personal capacitado.<\/li>\n<li>\u00cdndice enfermera-paciente lo m\u00e1s cercano a lo ideal.<\/li>\n<li>Distribuci\u00f3n de labores acorde para respetar las normas de control de infecciones.<\/li>\n<li>Evitar al m\u00e1ximo la rotaci\u00f3n de personal.<\/li>\n<li>Atenci\u00f3n de enfermer\u00eda con los est\u00e1ndares m\u00e1s altos.<\/li>\n<li>La asignaci\u00f3n de estos pacientes debe hacerse a personal certificado.<\/li>\n<li>El personal de enfermer\u00eda a resultado tener un rol importante en la transmisi\u00f3n de infecciones de manera end\u00e9mica y epid\u00e9mica.<\/li>\n<li>\u00cdndice de atenci\u00f3n enfermera \u2013 paciente menores de 1:1 :\n<ul>\n<li>Contribuye a incrementar las infecciones sangu\u00edneas relacionadas a los accesos vasculares centrales.<\/li>\n<li>El incremento del 50 % del personal enfermer\u00eda en estas unidades a sido el factor m\u00e1s impresionante en la reducci\u00f3n de las infecciones nosocomiales.<\/li>\n<li>Evaluar riesgos beneficios de la reducci\u00f3n de personal sobre todo en la UCI.<\/li>\n<li>El \u00edndice de infecciones nosocomiales es una de las razones m\u00e1s importantes para no certificar un hospital.<\/li>\n<li>Reducci\u00f3n y control de costos.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Debido a que los cat\u00e9teres y otros dispositivos invasivos son la principal causa ex\u00f3gena de infecciones nosocomiales:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Use cat\u00e9teres s\u00f3lo cuando sean indispensables.<\/li>\n<li>Use el cat\u00e9ter correcto.<\/li>\n<li>Use protocolos para la inserci\u00f3n y el cuidado apropiados del cat\u00e9ter.<\/li>\n<li>Retire los cat\u00e9teres cuando no sean indispensables.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>12.3.4.Precauciones est\u00e1ndar.<\/h4>\n<p>Son las t\u00e9cnicas que deben aplicarse a todos los pacientes del hospital y est\u00e1n dise\u00f1adas para reducir el riesgo de transmisi\u00f3n de microorganismos<br \/>\nde fuentes conocidas y desconocidas.<\/p>\n<p>Rigen para sangre, todos los l\u00edquidos corporales, excrementos y secreciones (salvo el sudor), piel abierta y heridas.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9446\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-009\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-009.png?fit=1224%2C792&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1224,792\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-009\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-009.png?fit=300%2C194&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-009.png?fit=1024%2C663&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9446\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-009.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"518\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9446\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-009\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-009.png?fit=1224%2C792&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1224,792\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-009\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-009.png?fit=300%2C194&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-009.png?fit=1024%2C663&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9446\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-009.png?resize=800%2C518&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"518\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-009.png?w=1224&amp;ssl=1 1224w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-009.png?resize=300%2C194&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-009.png?resize=768%2C497&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-009.png?resize=1024%2C663&amp;ssl=1 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><em>Diagrama 1 Cinco momentos para la higiene de las manos.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>L\u00e1vese las manos<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tras el contacto con sangre, l\u00edquidos corporales, secreciones, excrementos y objetos contaminados (independientemente si utiliz\u00f3 o no guantes).<br \/>\nDespu\u00e9s de quitarse los guantes.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Utilice guantes limpios<\/strong><br \/>\nCuando toque la sangre, l\u00edquidos corporales, secreciones, excrementos y objetos contaminados.<\/p>\n<p>Retire los guantes antes de tocar art\u00edculos o superficies no contaminadas.<br \/>\nLave de inmediato las manos cuando se quite los guantes.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9447\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-010\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-010.jpg?fit=4460%2C2973&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"4460,2973\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-010\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-010.jpg?fit=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-010.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-9447 aligncenter\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-010.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9447\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-010\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-010.jpg?fit=4460%2C2973&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"4460,2973\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-010\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-010.jpg?fit=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-010.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-9447 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-010.jpg?resize=800%2C533&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-010.jpg?w=4460&amp;ssl=1 4460w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-010.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-010.jpg?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-010.jpg?resize=1024%2C683&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-010.jpg?resize=272%2C182&amp;ssl=1 272w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-010.jpg?w=2400&amp;ssl=1 2400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-010.jpg?w=3600&amp;ssl=1 3600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p><em>Imagen 5. Utilizar guantes limpios.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Utilice protecci\u00f3n ocular<\/strong><br \/>\nEn caso de prever salpicaduras o exposici\u00f3n a l\u00edquidos corporales.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9448\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-011\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-011.jpg?fit=1200%2C798&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1200,798\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-011\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-011.jpg?fit=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-011.jpg?fit=1024%2C681&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9448\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-011.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9448\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-011\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-011.jpg?fit=1200%2C798&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1200,798\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-011\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-011.jpg?fit=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-011.jpg?fit=1024%2C681&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9448\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-011.jpg?resize=800%2C532&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-011.jpg?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-011.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-011.jpg?resize=768%2C511&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-011.jpg?resize=1024%2C681&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-011.jpg?resize=272%2C182&amp;ssl=1 272w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p>Imagen 6. Utilizar Protecci\u00f3n ocular.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Utilice una bata limpia<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Si existe la probabilidad de que durante la atenci\u00f3n del paciente se produzcan salpicaduras, ya que con ello proteger\u00e1 su uniforme<br \/>\nRetire la bata de inmediato para evitar la transmisi\u00f3n de microorganismos a otros pacientes.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9450\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-012\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-012.jpg?fit=1370%2C843&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1370,843\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-012\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-012.jpg?fit=300%2C185&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-012.jpg?fit=1024%2C630&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9450\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-012.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"492\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9450\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-012\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-012.jpg?fit=1370%2C843&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1370,843\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-012\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-012.jpg?fit=300%2C185&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-012.jpg?fit=1024%2C630&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9450\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-012.jpg?resize=800%2C492&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"492\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-012.jpg?w=1370&amp;ssl=1 1370w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-012.jpg?resize=300%2C185&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-012.jpg?resize=768%2C473&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-012.jpg?resize=1024%2C630&amp;ssl=1 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p>Imagen 7. Utilizar Bata limpia.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Manipule cuidadosamente equipos contaminados<\/strong><br \/>\nPara evitar el paso de microorganismos a otras personas y al ambiente.<br \/>\nAseg\u00farese de limpiar y reprocesar correctamente el equipo reutilizable.<br \/>\nDeseche convenientemente los equipos de un solo uso.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9452\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-015\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-015.jpg?fit=1370%2C843&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1370,843\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-015\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-015.jpg?fit=300%2C185&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-015.jpg?fit=1024%2C630&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-9452 aligncenter\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-015.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"492\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9452\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-015\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-015.jpg?fit=1370%2C843&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1370,843\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-015\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-015.jpg?fit=300%2C185&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-015.jpg?fit=1024%2C630&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-9452 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-015.jpg?resize=800%2C492&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"492\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-015.jpg?w=1370&amp;ssl=1 1370w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-015.jpg?resize=300%2C185&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-015.jpg?resize=768%2C473&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-015.jpg?resize=1024%2C630&amp;ssl=1 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p><em>Imagen 8. Manipular cuidadosamente el equipo quir\u00fargico utilizado.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Manipule cuidadosamente ropa contaminada<\/strong><br \/>\nManipule, transporte y procese la ropa de cama contaminada, para evitar la contaminaci\u00f3n de la ropa y el paso de los microorganismos a otras personas y al ambiente.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9451\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-013\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-013.jpg?fit=1370%2C843&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1370,843\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-013\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-013.jpg?fit=300%2C185&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-013.jpg?fit=1024%2C630&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-9451 aligncenter\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-013.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"492\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9451\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-013\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-013.jpg?fit=1370%2C843&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1370,843\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-013\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-013.jpg?fit=300%2C185&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-013.jpg?fit=1024%2C630&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-9451 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-013.jpg?resize=800%2C492&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"492\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-013.jpg?w=1370&amp;ssl=1 1370w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-013.jpg?resize=300%2C185&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-013.jpg?resize=768%2C473&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-013.jpg?resize=1024%2C630&amp;ssl=1 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p><em>Imagen 9. Manipular cuidadosamente la ropa contaminada.<br \/>\n<\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Evite lesiones por objetos punzocortantes<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Utilice los contenedores de punzocortantes.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9449\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-014\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-014.jpg?fit=1370%2C843&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1370,843\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-014\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-014.jpg?fit=300%2C185&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-014.jpg?fit=1024%2C630&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9449\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-014.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"492\" \/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9449\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/enfermeria-unid12-aepthi-014\/#main\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-014.jpg?fit=1370%2C843&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1370,843\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Enfermeri\u0301a-UNID12-AEPTHI-014\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-014.jpg?fit=300%2C185&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-014.jpg?fit=1024%2C630&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9449\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-014.jpg?resize=800%2C492&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"492\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-014.jpg?w=1370&amp;ssl=1 1370w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-014.jpg?resize=300%2C185&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-014.jpg?resize=768%2C473&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/04\/Enfermeri%CC%81a-UNID12-AEPTHI-014.jpg?resize=1024%2C630&amp;ssl=1 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p><em>Imagen 10. Utilizar los contenedores punzocortantes.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>CONCLUSIONES<\/h2>\n<p>Aunque las enfermedad neopl\u00e1sicas y de diversos trastornos hematol\u00f3gicos siguen siendo un problema de salud mundial, la posibilidad real de poder administrar diversos tipos de tratamientos ampl\u00eda el arsenal terap\u00e9utico, con la finalidad de poder brindarle a los pacientes nuevas esperanzas de recuperaci\u00f3n y una buena calidad de vida.<\/p>\n<h2>BIBLIOGRAF\u00cdA CONSULTADA<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Gutierrez Lizardi Pedro. Procedimientos en la unidad de cuidados intensivos. Editorial Mc Graw-Hill Interamericana, Edici\u00f3n 1ra. M\u00e9xico. 2003.<\/li>\n<li>Gutierrez Lizardi Pedro. Protocolos y procedimientos en el paciente cr\u00edtico. Editorial Manual moderno. 2010.<\/li>\n<li>McCloskey Joanne y Bulechek Gloria, Clasificaci\u00f3n de Intervenciones de Enfermer\u00eda (NIC), Quinta edici\u00f3n, ed. Elsevier-Mosby, Madrid Espa\u00f1a, 2005.<\/li>\n<li>Moorhead Sue et al, Clasificaci\u00f3n de Resultados de Enfermer\u00eda (NOC), Cuarta edici\u00f3n, ed. Elsevier-Mosby, Madrid Espa\u00f1a, 2005.<\/li>\n<li>NANDA, Diagn\u00f3sticos Enfermeros: Definiciones y Clasificaci\u00f3n 2015-2017, editorial Elsevier, Madrid Espa\u00f1a, 2014<\/li>\n<li>Arg\u00fcelles GJ. Fundamentos de hematolog\u00eda. 4\u00b0 Edici\u00f3n. Editorial M\u00e9dica<br \/>\nPanamericana. M\u00e9xico, D.F.; 1994.<\/li>\n<li>OMS. Prevenci\u00f3n de las infecciones nosocomiales GU\u00cdA PR\u00c1CTICA. 2a edici\u00f3n.<br \/>\nConsultada en:<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.who.int\/csr\/resources\/publications\/ES_WHO_CDS_CSR_EPH_2002_12 .pdf<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>INTRODUCCI\u00d3N La sangre es un tejido vivo que transporta el ox\u00edgeno desde los pulmones hasta los tejidos y \u00f3rganos; por lo cual los trastornos de la sangre, pueden derivar en serios problemas de salud, entre los que podemos mencionar: anemias, leucopenias, leucocitosis y leucemias agudas y cr\u00f3nicas, las cuales pueden ser tratadas con diferentes m\u00e9todos, &#8230; <a title=\"Unidad did\u00e1ctica 12: Atenci\u00f3n de enfermer\u00eda en pacientes con trastornos hematol\u00f3gicos e inmunitarios\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/unidad-didactica-12-atencion-de-enfermeria-en-pacientes-con-trastornos-hematologicos-e-inmunitarios\/\" aria-label=\"Leer m\u00e1s sobre Unidad did\u00e1ctica 12: Atenci\u00f3n de enfermer\u00eda en pacientes con trastornos hematol\u00f3gicos e inmunitarios\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":111,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_crdt_document":"","episode_type":"","audio_file":"","podmotor_file_id":"","podmotor_episode_id":"","cover_image":"","cover_image_id":"","duration":"","filesize":"","filesize_raw":"","date_recorded":"","explicit":"","block":"","itunes_episode_number":"","itunes_title":"","itunes_season_number":"","itunes_episode_type":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3922","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-enfermeria-del-adulto"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9Pe0m-11g","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3922","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/111"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3922"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3922\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9478,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3922\/revisions\/9478"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3922"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3922"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/enfermeriaenlinea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3922"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}