{"id":15413,"date":"2022-07-07T01:47:21","date_gmt":"2022-07-07T01:47:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/rea\/?p=15413"},"modified":"2023-07-05T20:03:51","modified_gmt":"2023-07-05T20:03:51","slug":"clase-digital-3-problematicas-de-la-comunidad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/rea\/clase-digital-3-problematicas-de-la-comunidad\/","title":{"rendered":"Clase digital 3. Problem\u00e1ticas de la comunidad"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover is-light\" style=\"min-height:284px;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-background-dim-40 has-background-dim\"><\/span><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-16531\" alt=\"eyeglasses on book beside laptop\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/rea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/08\/snwnjxm8ety.jpg\" style=\"object-position:49% 28%\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" data-object-position=\"49% 28%\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1600\" height=\"900\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-16531\" alt=\"eyeglasses on book beside laptop\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/rea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/08\/snwnjxm8ety.jpg\" style=\"object-position:49% 28%\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" data-object-position=\"49% 28%\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/rea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/08\/snwnjxm8ety.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/rea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/08\/snwnjxm8ety-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/rea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/08\/snwnjxm8ety-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/rea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/08\/snwnjxm8ety-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/rea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/71\/2022\/08\/snwnjxm8ety-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\" \/><\/noscript><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-base-3-color has-text-color has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Problem\u00e1ticas de la comunidad<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"introduccion\">Introducci\u00f3n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hi again!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What a pleasure to hear from you in this new class, I hope you continue to find this English V course fascinating.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This time we will focus in the following topics:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Modal verbs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Expression to give advice<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vocabulary on problems in the neighborhood.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00bfHab\u00edas escuchado hablar de los <em>modal verbs<\/em>?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Estas formas verbales expresan demasiadas cosas, pues son aquellos verbos en ingl\u00e9s que ayudan a que una oraci\u00f3n tenga un mejor significado gracias a su funci\u00f3n.Para definir los modal verbs o verbos modales, es importante entender que estos no se conjugan con las personas gramaticales (I, we, you, they, she, he, it), es decir que:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nunca tendr\u00e1n infinitivo (por ejemplo, no existe \u201cto could\u201d)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nunca se usar\u00e1n en gerundio (por ejemplo, no existe \u201cshoulding\u201d)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nunca tendr\u00e1n participio (por ejemplo, no existe \u201cShalled\u201d)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Los <em>modal verbs<\/em> pueden significar o manifestar desde sugerencias, necesidades, solicitudes, probabilidades, obligaciones, consejos, hasta conceptos m\u00e1s complejos como \u201cmodalidad\u201d; por lo tanto, su significado transforma tanto el contexto como los verbos que se relacionan dentro de una oraci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Let&#8217;s start with Modal verbs. They add meaning to the main verb in a sentence by expressing possibility, ability, permission, or obligation. Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs, also called \u201chelping verbs\u201d using auxiliaries like: <strong>can, will, could, shall, must, would, might, and should<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After a modal verb, the root form of a verb is generally used, an exception is the phrase \u201cought to\u201d, which is also considered a modal verb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">For a review check the following video:<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Modal Verbs in English Conversations - English Speaking Course\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/sFLmd4C6VHU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After reviewing the video, please answer the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>What were the modal verbs used?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Can you give an example of a modal verb used for giving advice?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Was there any use for regrets?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What modals would be used for probable outcomes or to express advice?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With that in mind, let&#8217;s analyze the topic on detail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"desarrollo-del-tema\">Desarrollo del tema <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Do you recall any of the uses for modal verbs?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Before we start the lesson try your knowledge on Modal verbs in the following link: <a href=\"https:\/\/test-english.com\/grammar-points\/b2\/modal-verbs-permission-obligation-prohibition-necessity\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Modal verbs \u2013 permission, obligation, prohibition, necessity<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How did you do?&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Let\u2019s review how modal verbs are used: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Modal Verbs Conversation\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/2oumWdjA9hM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We already explained that modals are used to express ability, permission, advice, possibility, necessity. Let&#8217;s check them in detail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-left\">Modals for ability<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We use &#8216;can&#8217; and &#8216;could&#8217; to talk about a skill or ability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">She\u00a0<strong>can speak<\/strong>\u00a0six languages.<\/mark><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">My grandfather\u00a0<strong>could play<\/strong>\u00a0golf very well.<\/mark><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">I\u00a0<strong>can&#8217;t drive.<\/strong><\/mark><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>be able to \/ be allowed to<\/em><\/strong>. We can use&nbsp;<strong>person + be able to \/ be allowed to<\/strong>&nbsp;instead of&nbsp;<strong>can&nbsp;<\/strong>to express permission or possibility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">We&nbsp;<\/mark><\/em><strong><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>were allowed to eat<\/em><\/mark><\/strong><em><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">&nbsp;all that we wanted.&nbsp;<\/mark><\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">You&nbsp;<\/mark><\/em><strong><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>won\u2019t be able to finish<\/em><\/mark><\/strong><em><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">&nbsp;before the deadline.&nbsp;<\/mark><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We do NOT&nbsp;use<strong>&nbsp;it + be able to<\/strong>\/<strong>be allowed to<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong><em>You are not allowed to use<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0your mobile phones.\u00a0<\/em>(NOT\u00a0<strong>It isn\u2019t allowed to use<\/strong>\u00a0\u2026)<\/mark><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>it is (not) permitted to. <\/strong>We can use&nbsp;<strong>it + be (not) permitted<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>to<\/strong>&nbsp;+infinitive to express permission or prohibition in formal or official situations, to say what the rules or laws are.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>It is not permitted to take<\/em><\/mark><\/strong><em><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">&nbsp;photos of the archive documents.&nbsp;<\/mark><\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Picnics&nbsp;<\/mark><\/em><strong><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>are not permitted<\/em><\/mark><\/strong><em><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">&nbsp;in the park.&nbsp;<\/mark><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>be supposed to \/ be meant to. <\/strong>We can also use&nbsp;<strong>be supposed\/meant to + infinitive<\/strong>&nbsp;to express obligation or permission, to say what we&nbsp;should or shouldn\u2019t do.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">We&nbsp;<\/mark><\/em><strong><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>are&nbsp;supposed<\/em>\/<em>meant to check<\/em><\/mark><\/strong><em><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">&nbsp;<\/mark><\/em><strong><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>in<\/em><\/mark><\/strong><em><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">&nbsp;one&nbsp;hour before take-off. &nbsp;<\/mark><\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>What are you doing? You\u00a0<\/em><strong><em>aren\u2019t supposed<\/em><\/strong>\/<strong><em>meant to be<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0here.<\/em><\/mark><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>had better, had better not. <\/strong>We use&nbsp;<strong>had better&nbsp;+ infinitive (without to)<\/strong>&nbsp;to talk about actions we think someone&nbsp;should or shouldn\u2019t do. There is often a&nbsp;<strong>negative result<\/strong>&nbsp;if the action is carried out. We&nbsp;normally use the shortened&nbsp;form&nbsp;<strong>\u2018d better<\/strong>, and the negative form is never contracted:&nbsp;<strong>\u2018d better not.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">We\u2019<\/mark><\/em><strong><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>d better hurry up<\/em>\/<em>meant to check<\/em><\/mark><\/strong><em><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">&nbsp;<\/mark><\/em><strong><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>in<\/em><\/mark><\/strong><em><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">&nbsp;or we\u2019ll miss our train.<\/mark><\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">You\u2019<\/mark><\/em><strong><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>d better not<\/em><\/mark><\/strong><em><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">&nbsp;tell her you broke the vase \u2013she\u2019ll get very mad.<\/mark><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Modals for permission<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The most common modal verbs to talk about permission are <strong>can, could, may and might.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong><em>Can<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0I sit here.<\/em>\u00a0(Informal; asking for permission)<\/mark><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>You\u00a0<\/em><strong><em>can<\/em><\/strong>\/<strong><em>can\u2019t<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0sit here.<\/em><\/mark><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong><em>Could<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0I\u00a0<\/em><strong><em>use<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0this chair?<\/em>\u00a0(more polite)<\/mark><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>You\u00a0<\/em><strong><em>mayuse<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0this chair.<\/em>\u00a0(formal; giving permission)<\/mark><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong><em>Might<\/em><\/strong>\/<strong><em>May<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0I\u00a0<\/em><strong><em>use<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0this chair.<\/em>\u00a0(More formal; asking for permission)<\/mark><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>Sorry, you\u00a0<\/em><strong><em>can\u2019tuse<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0this chair<\/em>. (informal; refusing permission)<\/mark><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>Sorry, you\u00a0<\/em><strong><em>may not<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><strong><em>use<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0this chair.<\/em>\u00a0(formal; refusing permission)<\/mark><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">In the past: was\/were allowed to, couldn\u2019t<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To talk about the past, we use the forms&nbsp;<strong>was\/were allowed to<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>couldn\u2019t<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">He&nbsp;<\/mark><\/em><strong><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>wasn\u2019t allowed to sit<\/em><\/mark><\/strong><em><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">&nbsp;down during the lesson.<\/mark><\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>He&nbsp;<\/em><strong><em>was allowed to receive<\/em><\/strong><em>&nbsp;visits.&nbsp;<\/em>(NOT)<\/mark><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Modals for advice<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We can use verbs such as &#8216;must&#8217; or &#8216;should&#8217; to say when something is necessary or unnecessary, or to give advice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Children\u00a0<strong>must do<\/strong>\u00a0their homework.<\/mark><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">We\u00a0<strong>have to wear<\/strong>\u00a0a uniform at work.<\/mark><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">You\u00a0<strong>should stop<\/strong>\u00a0smoking.<\/mark><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Modals for obligation<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Must<\/strong>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>have to<\/strong>&nbsp;are used to express obligation. When we use&nbsp;<strong>must<\/strong>&nbsp;this usually means that the obligations come from the speaker, it\u2019s like a personal obligation, whereas&nbsp;<strong>have to<\/strong>&nbsp;normally means that the obligation is external.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>I\u00a0<\/em><strong><em>must give up<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0smoking.<\/em>\u00a0(I need to, I say so)<\/mark><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>I\u00a0<\/em><strong><em>have to give up<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0smoking.<\/em>\u00a0(I\u2019m obliged. My doctor says so)<\/mark><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In informal English&nbsp;can also use&nbsp;<strong>\u201c\u00b4ve got to\u201d<\/strong>&nbsp;to express obligation &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">I\u2019<\/mark><\/em><strong><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>ve got to be<\/em><\/mark><\/strong><em><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">&nbsp;there before ten.&nbsp;<\/mark><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the past, we use&nbsp;<strong>had to<\/strong>&nbsp;in every instance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>I\u00a0<\/em><strong><em>had to give up<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0smoking.<\/em>\u00a0(Because I needed to, or because my doctor forced me to).<\/mark><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>mustn\u2019t \/ don\u2019t have to. <\/strong>The negative forms&nbsp;<strong>mustn\u2019t<\/strong>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>don\u2019t have to<\/strong>&nbsp;are completely different.&nbsp;<strong>Mustn\u2019t<\/strong>&nbsp;is used to express prohibition (an obligation&nbsp;<strong>not<\/strong>&nbsp;to do something), whereas&nbsp;<strong>don\u2019t have to<\/strong>&nbsp;is used to express an absence of obligation.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>You\u00a0<\/em><strong><em>mustn\u2019t reveal<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0where you get the information.<\/em>\u00a0(=you have the obligation\u00a0<strong>not<\/strong>\u00a0to do it)<\/mark><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>You\u00a0<\/em><strong><em>don\u2019t have to\u00a0arrive<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0before 7.<\/em>\u00a0(=you can do it, but it\u2019s not necessary, there\u2019s no obligation)<\/mark><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Modals for necessity<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We use&nbsp;<strong>need to\/have to<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>don\u2019t need to\/don\u2019t have to<\/strong>&nbsp;+ infinitive to say that something is or is not necessary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">We\u00a0<strong>need to\/have to confirm<\/strong>\u00a0our reservations before Friday.<\/mark><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">You\u00a0<strong>don\u2019t need to\/don\u2019t have to believe<\/strong>\u00a0in God to be a good person.\u00a0<\/mark><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>don\u2019t need to \/ needn\u2019t. <\/strong>We can use both&nbsp;<strong>don\u2019t need to<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>needn\u2019t<\/strong>&nbsp;+&nbsp;<strong>infinitive<\/strong>&nbsp;to say that it is unnecessary to do something. However, when we are talking about a&nbsp;<strong>general necessity<\/strong>&nbsp;(in general, not on one specific occasion), we normally use&nbsp;<strong>don\u2019t need to<\/strong>, and we can use both&nbsp;<strong>don\u2019t need to<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>needn\u2019t + infinitive<\/strong>&nbsp;when we are talking about a&nbsp;<strong>specific necessity<\/strong>&nbsp;(on one specific occasion).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>The doctor said I\u00a0<\/em><strong><em>don\u2019t need to wear<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0glasses.<\/em>\u00a0(in general, all the time)<\/mark><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>Tell him he\u00a0<\/em><strong><em>doesn\u2019t need to<\/em><\/strong><em>\/<\/em><strong><em>needn\u2019t wash<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0the dishes. I\u2019ll do it later.<\/em>\u00a0(on one specific occasion)<\/mark><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>didn\u2019t need to \/ needn\u2019t have. <\/strong>When something was not necessary but&nbsp;<strong>we did it<\/strong>, we can use both&nbsp;<strong>didn\u2019t need to<\/strong>&nbsp;+&nbsp;<strong>infinitive<\/strong>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>needn\u2019t have + past participle<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>Thanks, it\u2019s very beautiful, but you\u00a0<\/em><strong><em>didn\u2019t need to buy<\/em>\/<em>needn\u2019t have bought<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0anything.<\/em>\u00a0(=you did\u00a0it)<\/mark><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, when something was not necessary and we&nbsp;<strong>did not do it<\/strong>, we can only use&nbsp;<strong>didn\u2019t need to<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><em>I didn\u2019t buy any groceries because Sarah told me\u00a0I\u00a0<\/em><strong><em>didn\u2019t need to<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0buy anything.\u00a0<\/em>(NOT)<\/mark><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>For a review on modals verbs let\u2019s check the following:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"The Super Easy Way to Learn Modal Verb in English | Types of Modal Verbs\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Nk9nQwoCFig?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Past modals:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>COULD HAVE, MAY HAVE, MIGHT HAVE, MUST HAVE,SHOULD HAVE, WOULD HAVE<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Check the following video<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"PAST MODALS: could have | may have | might have | must have | should have | would have - GRAMMAR\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/WQpM0NVM0CM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As you have seen in the video, could have, may have, might have, must have,<em> <\/em>should have and would have<strong> <\/strong>described situations when we are imagining that the past was different. When using these modals for imaginary past situations they are referred as \u201cmodals of lost opportunity\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Should Have. <\/strong>Use \u201cshould have\u201d to say that a different action was recommended in the past. So is a past unreal recommendation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>If you arrive late to English class, you can say: <mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u201cI should have left my house earlier.\u201d<\/mark><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If you regret an argument, you can say: <mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u201cI shouldn\u2019t have yelled at you yesterday. I\u2019m sorry.\u201d<\/mark><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You can also use should have \/ shouldn\u2019t have to tell other people that a different action in the past would have been better. If your son fails a test, you can say:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u201cYou should have studied. You shouldn\u2019t have played video games all weekend.\u201d<\/mark><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cCould have\u201d is often used with \u201cif + had + past participle\u201d (If I had gone \/ if she hadn\u2019t fallen) \u2013 these \u201cif\u201d phrases express the imaginary past situation. However, in some cases you can use could have without the \u201cif\u201d phrase.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Would Have. <\/strong>Use would have to imagine a result (if something had been different in the past). So, it is a past unreal action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">If you arrive late at the airport and miss your flight, you can say:<\/mark><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#c50808\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u201cIf we had arrived earlier, we would have caught our flight.\u201d<\/mark><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Must Have. <\/strong>Use must have for a past unreal assumption&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>May have\/ Might Have. <\/strong>Use May or might have for a past unreal possibility or probability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For a review in this topic check the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Past Modals of Speculation\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/0FOuxPICcQo?start=10&#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">So far, we have notice that many modal verbs are used to offer or ask for advice or suggestion. Can you explain how to use the following only for that purpose?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>could \/can<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>may \/might<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>should<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>must<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>be able to (be willing to)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>have to<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ought to<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Keep in mind that there are plenty of expression for advice, but here are some more:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>don\u00b4t forget to<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>why don\u00b4t you<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>do you want to\u2026?,&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>it\u00b4s a good idea to&#8230;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The following is vocabulary related to <strong>problems in the neighborhood:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">piles of garbage (outside the houses), lack of\/ poor street lighting, dangerous streets after dark, noise, noisy neighbors, holes in sidewalks and streets, barking dogs, graffiti on walls and buildings, boundary complaints, unsafe driving, jaywalking, disputes with neighbors, shared property maintenance, litter on the streets, yard complaints, water leaks\/waste, power outages, town hall, mayor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:var(--base-3);color:#141cd6\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Now, write a letter giving advice to a relative that is having problems with his neighbors using modal verbs and some expressions for advice. Can You?<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"conclusion\">Conclusi\u00f3n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Remember that \u201cModals\u201d are special verbs that are different from normal verbs. They are never used alone and are always followed by a main verb. They provide additional information about the principal verb. They are used to express possibility, willingness, obligation, necessity and ability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>List of the Modals<\/strong> with their Positive and Negative forms is given below:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Positive<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Negative<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1) Will<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Will Not\/ Won\u2019t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">2) Would<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Would Not\/ Wouldn\u2019t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">3) Shall<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Shall Not\/ Shan\u2019t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">4) Should<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Should Not\/ Shouldn\u2019t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">5) May<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">May Not\/ Mayn\u2019t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">6) Might<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Might Not\/ Mightn\u2019t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">7) Can<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Can Not\/ Can\u2019t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">8) Could<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Could Not\/ Couldn\u2019t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">9) Must<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Must Not\/ Mustn\u2019t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">10) Have To<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Don&#8217;t Have To<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">11) Need<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Need Not\/ Needn\u2019t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">12) Ought<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Ought Not To\/ Oughtn\u2019t To<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You have reached the end of the session and as you can see you continue to contribute valuable information to your learning, I invite you to continue adding information by performing the task assigned to this class. Remember that I am waiting for you in the next session.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"fuentes-de-informacion\">Fuentes de informaci\u00f3n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.myenglishteacher.eu\/blog\/may-might-difference-examples\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Difference Between MAY, MIGHT, MAY HAVE And MIGHT HAVE!<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/bitesize\/topics\/zwwp8mn\/articles\/zps4pbk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">What are modal verbs? &#8211; BBC Bitesize<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/learnenglish.britishcouncil.org\/grammar\/english-grammar-reference\/modal-verbs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Modal verbs | LearnEnglish<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introducci\u00f3n Hi again! What a pleasure to hear from you in this new class, I hope you continue to find this English V course fascinating. This time we will focus in the following topics: \u00bfHab\u00edas escuchado hablar de los modal verbs? Estas formas verbales expresan demasiadas cosas, pues son aquellos verbos en ingl\u00e9s que ayudan &#8230; <a title=\"Clase digital 3. Problem\u00e1ticas de la comunidad\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/rea\/clase-digital-3-problematicas-de-la-comunidad\/\" aria-label=\"Leer m\u00e1s sobre Clase digital 3. Problem\u00e1ticas de la comunidad\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":142,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_crdt_document":"","episode_type":"","audio_file":"","podmotor_file_id":"","podmotor_episode_id":"","cover_image":"","cover_image_id":"","duration":"","filesize":"","filesize_raw":"","date_recorded":"","explicit":"","block":"","itunes_episode_number":"","itunes_title":"","itunes_season_number":"","itunes_episode_type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[83,288,293,444],"tags":[41,97,269],"class_list":["post-15413","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bachillerato-general","category-plan-2020","category-quinto-semestre","category-uda-ingles-v-0568","tag-clase-digital","tag-juana-lopez-moreno","tag-shba04025"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/rea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15413","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/rea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/rea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/rea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/142"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/rea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15413"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/rea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15413\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26087,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/rea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15413\/revisions\/26087"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/rea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15413"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/rea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15413"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ugto.mx\/rea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15413"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}