Clase digital 5. Viajes y turismo

Viajes y turismo

Introducción

Hello again! Welcome to class 5!

En esta oportunidad vamos a cubrir el siguiente contenido:

Viajes y turismo.

• Adjetivos 
• Got + adjectives
• Adjetivos para describir sentimientos
• Adjetivos para describir estado de ánimo
• Adjetivos para describir personalidad
• Can y Can’t como posibilidad, habilidad o imposibilidad 
• Could y Was/were able to.
• Pasado de posibilidad
• Lugares para visitar

Te invito a leer y entender el siguiente texto:

I’m a travel writer. I usually travel alone, but my family sometimes comes with me. It’s difficult because they always have a lot of bags –in our trip to Ecuador now, there are eight people and about fifteen bags! In my sister’s bags there are three jackets, four or five jumpers, seven pairs of trousers and two dresses. There are six or seven books too. She never travels without books. In my husband’s bag there’s a pair of boots, a pair of shoes and a pair of sandals! And his maps – he loves maps and he always takes maps on trips. But when I travel alone, I take a very small suitcase. There’s a pocket for my travel documents and inside there are two parts, one for clothes and one for my laptop. I never travel without my laptop! That’s it!

Source: https://ngl.cengage.com/assets/downloads/life_pro0000000047/sample_unit_9_life_beginner.pdf

Recuerda que utilizamos “there is” y “there are” para expresar la existencia de algo, tal y como se hace en español con el verbo “haber, usando “is” o “are” dependiendo de si el objeto (que aparece detrás del verbo “to be”) está en singular o en plural.

While traveling we need to identify the different types of transportation.

1. Which types of transport need tracks or rails to travel on? 
2. Which types of transport can you rent in many cities? 
3. How is an Uber different to a taxi?

Let´s start this lesson.

Desarrollo del tema

Adjectives

We have already mention that adjectives are words that give more information about a noun or pronoun and can go in different positions in a sentence, we used some to describe physical appearance, but we can use some for describing personality like:

Nice, terrible, beautiful, ugly, big, small, polluted, clean, dirty, crowded, dangerous, safe, noisy, quiet, boring, exciting, expensive, cheap, modern, old, awful, difficult (to find, to see), busy, fun.

Check the following video for a clearer explanation:

Adjectives help express the tone, feelings, and emotions of our words by accentuating the point. Of course, context clues would eventually reveal more, but adjectives allow us to describe a situation so we can continue along in our story, essay, or speech.

• Adjetivos para describir sentimientos/ adjetives for feelings: Nervous, scared, relaxed, jealous, worried, surprised, stressed, embarrassed, anxious.
• Adjetivos para describir estado de ánimo/ adjetives for moods: Happy, fine, excited, sad, angry, uncomfortable, depressed.

You can sum up a person’s personality by examining their individual personality. However, it can be especially difficult to come up with just the right descriptive words to talk about yourself or another person. By reading daily and learning more adjectives that are appropriate for describing people and their personalities, you can build your vocabulary. Using the list of words below, you can choose just the right adjectives to describe a person or yourself!

Adjetivos para describir personalidad/ adjetives for personality: Mischievous, moody, naughty, introverted, extroverted, funny/fun, distracted, lazy, responsible, spoiled, explosive, shy, outgoing, aggressive, calm/quiet.

Can you describe your own personality?

Got + adjectives

We commonly use get + adjective to mean ‘become’ or to describe a change of state or situation.

TO GET + adjective = become, show a change of state 

•  I am getting old. 
•  It’s getting hotter

El verbo get+ adjetivos se puede usar para expresar estados como en el siguiente video:

“Get” es un verbo muy complejo que tiene muchos usos si no lleva adjetivos… así que si quieres una explicación más extensa de “get” además de su uso para estados revisa:

Can y Can’t como posibilidad, habilidad o imposibilidad

Usamos can para hacer declaraciones generales sobre lo que es posible ahora.

• She can run very fast. Ella puede correr muy rápido.

Auxiliary verb can (positive) – can’t (negative).

You use can to talk about possibility and always with another verb, or if you are deciding now what to do in the future. “I can” is the same as “I know to do something. / I know that something is possible for me.”

Si queremos decir que algo es imposible usamos los negativos cannot y can’t.

• We can’t go to the party. No podemos ir a la fiesta.

To form the negative, you add «not» after can to form one word: cannot. Short form: can’t. (can’t = cannot)

For more on “can” check the following video:

Change the sentences as in the example:

Olivia can play the guitar. → negative sentence. Olivia cannot play the guitar.

1. Can the girls play hockey? → affirmative sentence
2. Richard can play the trumpet. → question
3. Can she write with her left hand? → affirmative sentence
4. He can write good stories. → negative sentence
5. Alex can write exciting articles. → question
6. Henry can cook spaghetti. → question
7. They can cook well. → negative sentence
8. Can Carol cook lasagna? → affirmative sentence

Si nos referimos a una posibilidad en tiempo pasado, usamos el verbo modal could.

• They could call me. Ellos pudieron llamarme.

Y si queremos decir que algo no fue posible en el pasado, usamos el negativo could not o couldn’t.

• They tried, but they couldn’t see the movie. Intentaron, pero no pudieron ver la película.

Podemos usar «was/were able to» para describir eventos específicos en el pasado. 

• He was able to ride a bike to work last week because it was sunny.
• They were able to build lots of snowmen last winter because it snowed a lot.

Cuando usamos los verbos modales para indicar que algo es posible en el futuro, aunque no seguro, usamos los verbos might  & may.

• They might come later. Ellos pueden venir más tarde.
• I may buy a car. Puede que compre un carro.

¿qué lugares podías visitar antes de la pandemia que se restringieron estos dos años?/ what places could you visit before the pandemic?

For more in CAN, COULD, BE ABLE TO review the following video:

Ahora que se han levantado muchas de las restricciones de viaje debido a la Pandemia podemos usar “Can” para hablar de los lugares que ya podemos visitar. A continuación, algo de vocabulario: 

Lugares para visitar / Places to visit:

Stadium, museum, park, statue, monument, theater, zoo, art gallery, library, book store, market, shopping center, town square, university/college campus, school, down town, parking lot, church/temple, restaurant, café/coffee shop, cathedral, landmark, shopping center/mall, shoe store, cinema, jewelry shop, outlets, grocery store, supermarket, local store, butchers, bakery, flower shop, police station, city hall, fire station, hospital.

As practice, do the following exercises:

For more on places to visit check:

Here are some places you can visit after the pandemic:

But also, there are places that you cannot visit, people are not allowed to travel to the places presented in the following video:

But also, there are places that you cannot visit, people are not allowed to travel to the places presented in the following video:

Listen and pay attention to the following video and later complete the dialogs below:

Conclusión

Remember: You use can to talk about possibility and always with another verb, or if you are deciding now what to do in the future. “I can” is the same as “I know to do something/ I know that something is possible for me”.

Recuerda que «Can» es «poder» en el tiempo presente, mientras que «could» es «poder» en el tiempo pasado. Pero «could» solo se usa para hablar de cosas que se podían durante un periodo de tiempo, pero ya no. «Could» también se usa para el modo condicional. «To be able to» es un sinónimo de «can» y «could» para el tiempo presente y el tiempo pasado, pero al hablar de cosas que se pudieron hacer en un momento específico del pasado, solo se usa «to be able to» y no «could».

You have come a long way on this course. I invite you to continue advancing in your training process through this modality. To conclude with the class, keep in mind that you have to complete the Consigna for this class. See you soon…

Fuentes de información

• https://www.allthingstopics.com/travel.html
• https://www.woodwardenglish.com/lesson/places-in-a-city/