Clase digital 6. El medio ambiente: problemas y soluciones

El medio ambiente: problemas y soluciones

Presentación del tema

Hi dear student!!!

Welcome to class 6, in this final class we will talk about the environment, and also, we are going to review:

5. Vida animal

Animals are the living beings that we share the Earth with. Some animals are domestic which means they are tamed and not wild. Some domestic animals are kept for farming purposes while pets are kept as companions. Wild animals are untamed, and they live in their natural environment. There are many kinds of animals, so we put them into some groups. Basic animal groups are mammals (lion, elephant, zebra etc.), reptiles (crocodile, cobra, chameleon etc.), birds (eagle, crow, duck etc.), invertebrates (insects, worms, sponges etc.), fish (sharks, salmon etc.) and amphibians (salamanders, frogs etc.)

Here is some vocabulary about it, Domestic and farm animals: dog, cat, donkey, horse, cow, goat, pig, hen, rooster, mouse (mice), rabbit, canary, goose (geese), sheep. 

Zoo, kennel, field, cage, nature reserve, natural environment, farm, barn.

Also, make sure to fully review the next vocabulary about 

• Wild animals: bird, eagle, bee, insect, butterfly, bear, moose, tiger, lion, crocodile, giraffe, wolf/wolves, snake, bat, deer.
• Sea animals: fish, dolphin, turtle, shark, whale, crab, shellfish, octopus, sea horse, shrimp, lobster, jellyfish, oysters.

So…after reviewing all these words, can you mention:

• what is your favorite animal?
• if you were a sea animal, which one would you be?

5.1 Introducción a los patrones de verbo

In English, when a verb is followed by another verb, the second verb may be an infinitive (to go), bare infinitive (go) or -ing form (going). It all depends on the first verb. The verb patterns are dependent upon the first verb. There are several different types of pattern. When you learn a new verb, you need to learn the verb pattern. Unfortunately, some verbs have more than one possible pattern! Sometimes, if a verb has two patterns, each pattern can have a different meaning or use.

5.2 Conjunciones

We can see that without conjunctions, you would be forced to express every complex idea in a series of short, simplistic sentences.

Conjunctions are words that link other words, phrases, or clauses together.

Conjunctions allow you to form complex, elegant sentences and avoid the choppiness of multiple short sentences. Make sure that the phrases joined by conjunctions are parallel (share the same structure).

• Coordinating conjunctions: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so. 

Coordinating conjunctions allow you to join words, phrases, and clauses of equal grammatical rank in a sentence. The most common coordinating conjunctions are for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so; you can remember them by using the mnemonic device FANBOYS.

• Subordinating conjunctions: although, because, since, unless, therefore.

9.1 Introducción al cero condicional y primer condicional

Let´s begin with the conditionals. Sometimes we call them ‘if clauses’. They describe the result of something that might happen (in the present or future) or might have happened but didn’t (in the past). They are made using different English verb tenses. In English, most sentences using the conditional contain the word “if”. 

If clause+ consequence

Conditionals describe the result of a certain condition. The “if” clause tells you the condition and the main clause tells you the result. The order of the clauses does not change the meaning. In this lesson we will introduce only the zero and first conditionals, so let’s get into conditionals.

• zero conditional

In English there are a few types of conditionals…among them the zero conditional. This type of conditional is used in situations where there is always the same result…even when we have the conditional structure, there actually is no conditional at all.

If + present simple, …. present simple.

Zero conditional is used to express facts that are always true or have always the same result, like scientific facts, quantic laws, or general known facts.

• first conditional

We use the first conditional when we talk about future situations that we believe are real or possible. The first conditional is also called conditional type 1. And since it is used to talk about possibilities in the present or in the future, we need present simple and future simple in the structure. 

If + present simple, … will + infinitive

The first conditional has the present simple after ‘if’ (conditional), then the future simple in the other clause (result).  
we can use the conditionals to talk about solutions to the actual environmental problems:
If we drive more efficient cars, we will reduce gas emissions.

Check this vocabulary About the environment: water, overpopulation, pollution, contamination, smog, growth, economic investment, environment, global warming, reuse, reduce, recycle, landfill, renewable source, ecofriendly, ecosystems, biodegradable, extinction, waste, greenhouse effect, carbon footprint, organic, inorganic, solar energy.

Can you create a sentence using conditionals to talk about solutions to the environmental problems?
Are there any animals you like endanger of extinction?
If you can help, what will you do?

Check the following resources to help you achieve it.

Objetivo didáctico de la clase

Dominar el vocabulario sobre vida animal: animales salvajes, domésticos y marinos mientras usa conjunciones y algunos patrones de verbo y desarrolla ideas sobre las problemáticas ambientales usando cero y primer condicional al presentar acciones que pueden ayudar a mejorar el medio ambiente.

Contenido didáctico

A continuación, se presenta el contenido didáctico de acceso abierto o institucional para profundizar en el tema.

Material didáctico complementario

Resumen e ideas relevantes de la clase digital

Remember:

Conjunctions have an important function because they join other words and phrases together. Without conjunctions, we could only make very simple sentences. A conjunction is a word like and, but, although, because.

Conjunctions have two basic functions or «jobs»:

–Coordinating conjunctions, used to join two parts of a sentence that are grammatically equal. The two parts may be single words or clauses. Coordinating conjunctions always come between the words or clauses that they join.

–Subordinating conjunctions, used to join a subordinate dependent clause to a main clause. Subordinating conjunctions usually come at the beginning of the subordinate clause.

Also, we use the zero conditional to talk about things that are generally true, especially for laws and rules.
The structure is: if/when + present simple, present simple.
The first conditional is used to express the idea that if the first condition is met now or in the future the main clause will happen.
Using “if+ present simple” – to express the condition in the future and “will+ base form” for the main clause.

You have come a long way in this semester, and finally you have succeeded. Congratulations on your achievement!
It is time to test your knowledge and answer the final exam. 

Good luck.