Clase digital 1. Anécdotas, incidentes y noticias

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Anécdotas, incidentes y noticias

Introducción

Welcome!

Bienvenido al desarrollo de la UDA de Inglés III para el Bachillerato General Plan 2020. De inicio, habremos de marcar el planteamiento de objetivos de la UDA, por lo que te pedimos que revises el siguiente documento.

Y de igual manera, considera que la competencia a desarrollar en esta UDA es:

“Ofrecer una mayor descripción de aspectos habituales de su entorno, como personas, lugares, experiencias de trabajo o de estudio; describir actividades futuras, así como experiencias personales, planes y acuerdos. Explicar lo que le gusta o no le gusta respecto a algo estableciendo comparaciones; ofrecer descripciones breves y básicas de hechos, actividades y lugares en un contexto de animales domésticos, marinos y salvajes. Utilizar un lenguaje sencillo y descriptivo para realizar afirmaciones o suposiciones breves en referencia al medio ambiente.”

Revisa el temario a desarrollar en la UDA, analiza y comparte brevemente (en inglés si te es posible)

¿Para qué te va a servir a ti el desarrollo de los contenidos de esta UDA virtual?

Imagen 1. 10 razones para estudiar Inglés.
Fuente: https://getitwithkasiahome.files.wordpress.com/2019/04/study.jpg

Seguramente esta reflexión te permite sentirte plenamente motivado a seguir con el estudio del inglés como segunda lengua, comencemos con un Diagnóstico.

Para comenzar el diagnóstico de tus competencias hasta el momento adquiridas, realiza una autoevaluación y determina si puedes:

“Exponer las funciones sociales utilizando las formas habituales de saludar, de despedirse, de dirigirse a los demás amablemente, de preguntar cómo están y de reaccionar ante noticias. Realizar efectivamente intercambios sociales sobre la familia, bienes y servicios, transporte público, direcciones e información básica que se están realizando en el momento. Saber describir en términos sencillos aspectos de su pasado y su entorno, así como cuestiones relacionadas con sus necesidades inmediatas”.

De lo contrario, recurre a tus materiales de inglés II y procura revisar los contenidos necesarios para lograr las competencias requeridas. Si cuentas con los conocimientos previos es momento de comenzar con los contenidos de esta UDA.

Comencemos con el contenido de esta primera clase donde analizaremos:

  1. Anécdotas, incidentes y noticias
    • Pasado continuo y la relación entre pasado simple y pasado continuo
    • Pronombres reflexivos
  2. Lo que hacía el hombre en el pasado
    • Used to

Al ser el enfoque comunicativo una de las premisas esenciales de la materia el uso activo del inglés, para la presentación y desarrollo de los contenidos posteriores en toda la UDA, se realizarán presentaciones solo en inglés con algunas explicaciones en español.

¿Ready?… Let’s begin.

Desarrollo del tema

Recuperación de aprendizajes previos / Activate prior knowledge

In this block we will use the past tenses, but there is a great difference in the rules when using regular and irregular verbs.

Do you remember what Is the difference?

Regular Verbs

Are the verbs that follow a fix pattern while conversion from present to past and past participles.

Irregular Verbs

Are the verbs that do not follow a fix pattern while conversion from present to past and past participle form.

As you can see the main difference between regular and irregular verbs is that regular verbs have their past and past participle tenses very similar to their present tenses while irregular verbs have their past and past participle tenses very different to their present tenses.

Imagen 2. Verbos regulares e irregulares.
Fuente: https://www.facebook.com/707670259355392/posts/regular-verbs-vs-irregular-verbs-in-english-the-form-the-verb-changes-when-switc/724711210984630/

In this video we can see the difference:

Students make two frequent errors with irregular verbs: They either add an incorrect “ed” to the end of an irregular verb or accidentally interchange the simple past and past participle.

Do you remember some of the Irregular verbs?

There is no magic way to teach them. To avoid making mistakes with irregular verbs, you have to learn a very long chart, but in this video can help you remember some of them.

or in a song if you prefer:

Check the following video about Verbs

Anécdotas, incidentes y noticias

When we try to talk about something that happened to us or read news in media sources like TV, the internet, newspapers and radio most headlines are in the past. But first we have to understand time frames.

Past, present and future are the three-time frames that are used to describe or indicate verb tense. Past tense is used to describe actions that occurred in the past; present tense is used to describe actions that are currently taking place; and future tense is used to describe an action that will take place in the future.

Pasado continuo y la relación entre pasado simple y pasado continuo

Past progressive (or past continuous)

We form the past progressive with “was” or “were” and the “-ing form” of the verb.

Use of Past Progressive

  • Puts emphasis on the course of an action in the past
    • Example: He was playing football.
  • Two actions happening at the same time in the past.
    • Parallel. When you use the past continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it expresses the idea that both actions were happening at the same time. The actions are parallel.
    • One action verb must be in past continuous tense (was / were + -ing) and we use “while” to introduce past continuous actions happening at the same time.
      • Example: While she was preparing dinner, he was washing the dishes.
  • Action going on at a certain time in the past.
    • Example: When I was having breakfast, the phone suddenly rang.
PositiveNegativeQuestion
I / he / she / itI was speaking.I was not speaking.Was I speaking?
you / we / theyYou were speaking.You were not speaking.Were you speaking?

Imagen 3. Pasado progresivo.
Fuente: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eZpp7ifDR2E

Exceptions in Spelling

Exceptions in spelling when adding ingExample
final e is dropped (but: ee is not changed)come – coming (but: agree – agreeing)
after a short, stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubledsit – sitting
l as final consonant after a vowel is doubled (in British English)travel – travelling
Final “ie” becomes «y«lie – lying

To learn more about past progressive, check the following video:

Now you know how to use the past continuous. Can you tell what is missing in the following exercises?


I was studying while he __________ dinner.

While Ellen was reading, Tim __________ watching television.

Were you listening while he __________ talking?

I __________ paying attention while I was writing the letter, so I made several mistakes.

What __________ you doing while you were waiting?

Thomas __________ working, and I __________ working either.

They __________ eating dinner, discussing their plans, and having a good time.

In the next video we can see what is a reflexive pronoun:

Imagen 4. Lista de pronombres reflexivos.
Fuente: https://i.ytimg.com/vi/yRjao9RAzBs/maxresdefault.jpg

Reflexivos / Reflexive pronouns:

myself / yourself / herself / himself / itself / ourselves / yourselves / themselves

In the following video you can review the use of reflexive pronouns and practice listening:

In the video we could see how Peep put himself in embarrassing situation, let’s check more vocabulary for other awkward situations.

Situaciones embarazosas / Embarrassing-awkward situations: walk into a glass door, spill sauce on your shirt, wear slippers to class, fall asleep in class, knock something over, say the wrong name, wear clothes inside out, sit on wet paint, wave at someone you think you know, show up on the wrong day of an appointment, miss the bus stop, fall down in the middle of the street, bump into someone/something, make a fool yourself.

Imagen 5. Situaciones embarazosas.
Fuente: https://abaforlawstudents.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/networking.jpg

Has any of these situations ever happened to you?

To present your story you could use the following Time Expressions:

when, while, in those days, all morning, for hours, at that time.

What to do when we are in some of these situations?

In the following video there are some expressions to use to come out those embarrassing situations:

If anyone presented a story about an embarrassing situation you could use the following Follow-up expressions:

  • That’s interesting/ awesome/ awful/ hilarious/ amazing/ fabulous/ great/ lovely.
  • Oh, no! That sounds embarrassing
  • Oh, that’s nice
  • Well, that was lucky
  • Oh, no! I bet you were upset.
  • I guess you weren’t happy with that
  • I can’t believe it. That’s really annoying
  • Oh, no! I bet you freaked out

Lo que hacía el hombre en el pasado

Imagen 6. Linage humano.
Fuente: https://www.britannica.com/science/human-evolution

The story of human origins is complicated. The first humans emerged in Africa around two million years ago, long before the modern humans known as Homo sapiens appeared on the same continent. As we now by now, to talk about history we used the past tense, but another expression is “used to”.

Used to

Imagen 7. Verbo «Used to».
Fuente: https://i.imgflip.com/2yq83c.jpg

The expression “Used To” shows a Former Fact, Habit, or Action.

We also use the phrase “used to” in the formerly sense to indicate something that happened in the past but no longer does, so it means that we use “used to” when we refer to things in the past which are no longer true. It can refer to repeated actions or to a state or situation and it is usually followed by an infinitive:

That white house over there used to belong to my family.
(It belonged to my family in the past, but not any more).

AffirmativeNegativeInterrogative
I used to goI didn’t use to goDid I use to go?
You used to goYou didn’t use to goDid you use to go?
He used to goHe didn’t use to goDid he use to go?
She used to goShe didn’t use to goDid he use to go?
It used to goIt didn’t use to goDid it use to go?
We used to goWe didn’t use to goDid we use to go?
They used to goThey didn’t use to goDid they use to go?

BE CAREFUL!

When you say used to aloud, the “d” in used and the “t” in “to” blend to almost become one consonant sound. In statements, the form “used to” does not change. We do not use the verb be before it.

Negative: didn’t use to

The negative of used to is most commonly didn’t use(d) to. Sometimes we write it with a final (-d), sometimes not. Both forms are common, but many people consider the form with the final (-d) to be incorrect, and you should not use it in exams:

  • It did’t use to be so crowded in the shops as it is nowadays.
  • I didn’t used to like broccoli when I was younger, but I love it now. (Don’t use this form in exams).

In very formal styles, we can use the negative form used not to:

  • She used not to live as poorly as she does now.

Question

The most common form of question is auxiliary did + use(d) to. Many people consider the form with a final (-d) to be incorrect, and you should not use it in exams:

  • Did she use to live in the same street as us?
  • Didn’t she used to live in the same street as us? (Don’t use this form in written exams).

Emphatic did

We can use the emphatic auxiliary did with used to:

  • We never used to mix very much with the neighbors, but we did used to say hello to them in the street. (Don’t use this form in written exams.)

Hábitos, estados y rutinas en el pasado

To talk about routines, habits or mood in the past we use the subject a verb in past simple and complement for example:

Imagen 8. Rutinas diarias.
Fuente: https://www.woodwardenglish.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/daily-routines-past-tense-english.jpg

So…for routines, habits or mood in the past we can use simple past or also use the expression “used to”. Check the following videos:

Etapas históricas

Historians rely on written records and archaeological evidence to understand more about human history. They use these resources to divide human existence into main historical eras.

The following is vocabulary related to Historical eras:

  • Pre-historic era, Ancient period, Dark ages, Viking age, Middle ages, Renaissance, Victorian era, Age of Enlightenment, Industrial Revolution, Modern age, Digital Revolution.

Imagen 9. Etapas histórica
Fuente: https://bilingualiesae.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/sara-timeline.png

For more on Historical eras check the following video.

If you like Minecraft, you might enjoy the following videos about the history eras part 1 and 2:

We can see that reality used to be different in those eras, and there a lot of things that are no longer happening.

Imagen 10. If you could live in any period in history, which one would it be?
Fuente: https://d356qujqspw52j.cloudfront.net/img/full/2015-07-24-Period-in-history.jpg

Conclusión

Remember that there are two kinds of verbs in English: regular and irregular verbs.

Regular verbs are the verbs which follow certain rules for making their past and past participle forms. There are a number of spelling and pronunciation rules for the past and past participle forms of regular verbs.

Irregular verbs are verbs which do not follow a rule for making their past and past participle forms. You will need to learn these forms by heart to use them properly.

We form the past simple of most regular verbs by adding -ed to the main verb.

  • For verbs ending in -e, we add –d.
    • love – loved
  • For verbs ending in a consonant + y, we drop the –y and add –ied.
    • cry – cried
  • For verbs ending in a stressed vowel between two consonants, we double the last consonant and add -ed.
    • stop – stopped
  • For irregular verbs their spelling in the simple past tense Is different and you have to memorize them.

Another expression to talk about things that happened in the past is “use to” for former habits or facts that are no longer true.

The past progressive puts emphasis on the course of an action in the past. The action verb tells us what the subject of our clause or sentence is doing-physically or mentally.

When you use the past continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it expresses the idea that both actions were happening at the same time.

This is all for this class, don´t forget to work on your consignas.

Until next time.

Fuentes de información