Comida, recetas y supermercado
Introducción
Hello!! Be welcome to the fourth class of the course.
Los temas que veremos en clase 4. Comida, recetas y supermercado.
- How much…? /How many…?
- Sustantivos contables y no contables
- Cuantificadores
- Comida/Food
- Medidas (Imperial system-Metric system)
- Verbos de cocina.
Espero que no tengas hambre, porque vamos a hablar mucho de comida…
Desarrollo del tema
Para iniciar con esta clase debemos entender la diferencia entre sustantivos contables y no contables.
Let´s review the following grammar explanation on:
Countable Nouns (contables)
Nombres o sustantivos contables son aquellos que se pueden contar.
- one [a] pencil (un lápiz).
- two cats (dos gatos).
- three houses (tres casas).
Uncountable Nouns (incontables)
Los nombres o sustantivos incontables son aquellos que no podemos contar porque no los podemos delimitar individualmente, sino que forman parte de un todo. Son tratados como singulares (no se pueden hacer plurales añadiendo “-s”), como en el caso de: salt (sal), wood (madera), tea (té), wine (vino), sugar (azúcar), bread (pan), furniture (muebles), hair (pelo), information (información), money (dinero), weather (tiempo), time (tiempo), rice (arroz)…
Sin embargo, en el momento que los delimitamos, estos mismos nombres o sustantivos pasan a ser contables. Deberán ir precedidos, si quieren individualizarse, de alguna palabra con valor partitivo.
- a gram of salt (un gramo de sal).
- a piece of wood (un trozo de madera).
- two cups of tea (dos tazas de té).
- three glasses of wine (tres vasos de vino).
Grammatical Rules
1. Nombres contables tienen una forma plural:
egg → eggs(huevo/s)
bicycle → bicycles(bicicleta/s)
dress → dresses(vestido/s)
Nombres incontables no tienen una forma plural:
rice(arroz) “rices” no existe… es siempre “rice”
milk(leche) “milks” no existe…
2. Se puede usar “a” o “an” con nombres contables en singular:
an apple(una manzana)
a house(una casa)
No podemos usar “a” o “an” con nombres incontables.
3. Se pueden usar números delante de un contable:
three apples(tres manzanas)
five houses(cinco casas)
No podemos usar números delante de un incontable.
Countable and uncountable nouns Audio practice:
Estos conceptos son esenciales para entender las expresiones:
How much…? /How many…?
When we want to know the quantity or amount of something, we ask questions starting with How much and How many. Review the following video first:
HOW MUCH…? – (Quantity). How much is used with uncountable nouns. HOW MUCH + UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
- How much time do we have to finish the test?
- How much money did you spend?
- How much sugar would you like in your coffee?
- How much paper will I need?
- How much milk is in the fridge?
- How much traffic was there on the way to work?
If the verb “Be” is used with an uncountable noun, it is in singular form (= IS or WAS etc.)
HOW MUCH…? – (Price) How much can also be used when we want to know the PRICE of something. In this case, we can use How much with countable nouns (both singular and plural nouns).
- How much is that painting?
- How much are those shoes?
- How much did your jacket cost?
- How much is the dress on display in the window?
- How much will it cost me?
- How much does it cost ?
HOW MANY…? – (Quantity) How many is used when we want to know the QUANTITY of something. It is only used with plural countable nouns. HOW MANY + PLURAL NOUN
- How many days are there in January?
- How many people work in your company?
- How many cousins do you have?
- How many books did you buy?
- How many countries are there in the world?
- How many students are in the class right now?
- How many chairs are there in this room?
- How many pieces of chocolate would you like?
Para hablar de cuánto es que necesitamos de un sujeto no contable, generalmente señalamos cuantificadores o contenedores, puesto que no podemos cuantificar cosas como la leche, pues es imposible contar gases, líquidos… y por ello señalamos el contenedor en el que se encuentra; así podemos pedir un vaso o un galón de leche. Entonces veamos vocabulario muy útil para este propósito:
Cuantificadores y contenedores / Quantifiers and containers: Some, any, a lot of, much, many, several, lots of, plenty, hardly any, a little, little, both, a number of, a few, few, each, every, a couple of, no, bar, slice, box, loaf, carton, jar, piece, can, bottle, bag, package, plastic container, a pinch, a dash, a bunch, a spoonful, a teaspoon, tablespoon, a cup, dices, a bowl.
Para revisar más sobre este vocabulario revisa:
Si ya estas listo puedes practicar en el siguiente enlace:
Match the expressions.
| 1. a slice of | a. baguette/kilo |
| 2. 100g (= 100 grams) of | b. bread |
| 3. a loaf of | c. cheese/meat/olives/potato salad |
| 4. half a | d. ham/bread/cake |
Now study and complete the dialogue below.
| About 100g | a little less … | that’s fine | A little more |
| I’d like some | please give me about | that’s all | can I have some |
Claire:____________ of that cheese please. (1)
Assistant: Certainly. How much would you like?
Claire: _____________(2)
Assistant: Here you are. Anything else?
Claire: Yes,__________ of this beef? (3)
Assistant: Sure. This much?
Claire: _____________, please. (4)
Assistant: This much?
Claire: No, __________. Thank you. (5)
Assistant: Anything else?
Claire: Yes,___________ 10 slices of that ham. (6)
Assistant: Sure. Here you are.
Claire: Thank you,_____________ . (7)
Comida/Food: Tomatoes, potatoes, carrots, onions, peppers, garlic; mangoes, pineapple(s), strawberries, melon(s), apples, pears, cherry/cherries, spinach, lettuce, oil, cereal, coffee, sugar, tea, shrimp, lamb, ice cream, soda, pop, juice, milk, bread, cake.
For more on food vocabulary check:
Countables and uncountables with food:
Let’s talk about food:
About how many different color foods did you eat for dinner last night?
Do you think about color when you are preparing a meal?
Are there any foods that you wouldn’t eat as a child that you eat now?
Are you a good cook?
Are you a vegetarian?
Are you concerned about your daily calorie intake when choosing something to eat?
At what times do you usually eat your meals?
Breakfast?
Lunch?
Dinner?
Did you drink coffee this morning?
Did you eat lunch today?
Do you always eat dinner with your family?
Do you always eat vegetables?
Medidas/Measures:
Did you know that in the world there are two major systems for measurement?
The Imperial and the metric systems. They have different units of length, weight and temperature.
- Imperial system: acres, yard, inches, feet, pound, ounces, gallon, a pint, Fahrenheit degrees °F.
- Metric system: meters, kilo, grams, liter, Celsius degrees °C.
Check the following videos:
Can you tell how tall are you in feet and inches? Or your weight on pounds?
Verbos de cocina/Cooking verbs: add, blend, broil, bake, cut, cook, chop, chill, defrost, heat, oil, fry, freeze, mix, peel, roast, stir, serve, season, sprinkle, shredded, slice, steam.
Cookies recipe:
Check the following video:
What are the ingredients?
How long does it take to finish?
What are the steps to prepare a cookie?
Conclusión
Remember that we use many and much to refer to quantity.
Then we use many to refer to countable things and much to refer to uncountable things. For another explanation, let’s look at the following video:
«Persevere is synonymous with tenacity, do not lose heart, keep persevering in your education». Don´t give up and keep the good work.
To complete the activities for this class, don´t forget to complete Consignas 7 and 8 and the exercise for class 4. Good luck!!
I see you in the next lesson, until next time.